Abstract
A field experiment (2018–2020) was arranged as factorial split-plot in a RCBD with three replications to assess the influences of potassium silicate on rapeseed genotypes under well-watered and drought stress conditions. Main plots included two regimes of full irrigation and withholding irrigation from silique setting and foliar spray of potassium silicate at two levels of non-application and potassium silicate application (4 g l−1). Subplots contained seven genotypes of WRL-95-13, WRL-95-15, WRL-95-17, WRL-95-20, WRL95-23, WRL-95-28, and Nafis. Drought stress increased stomatal resistance, canopy temperature, soluble carbohydrate content, and proline content; by contrast, the chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), seeds per silique, silique per plant, thousand-seed weight, seed yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) were reduced when the rapeseed plants experienced drought stress. The oil content and quality of genotypes were higher in the well-watered irrigation regime than in the drought stress regime. The spraying of potassium silicate helped to improve the growth of rapeseed genotypes by increasing the RWC and chlorophyll content and reducing the stomatal resistance and canopy temperature in both irrigation regimes. The increase in the contents of oleic and linoleic acids and reduction in the contents of erucic acid and glucosinolate caused an enhancement in the oil quality when potassium silicate was applied. Overall, the high quantity and quality of oil can be achieved in rapeseed agroecosystems through full irrigation and spraying potassium silicate.
Zusammenfassung
Ein Feldversuch (2018–2020) wurde als faktorieller Split-Plot unter randomisierten kontrollierten Bedingungen mit drei Wiederholungen angelegt, um die Einflüsse von Kaliumsilikat auf Rapsgenotypen unter gut bewässerten und Trockenstressbedingungen zu bewerten. Die Hauptplots umfassten zwei Bewässerungsregimes – die Vollbewässerung und die reduzierte Bewässerung ab dem Einsatz der Silikate – sowie die Blattspritzung mit Kaliumsilikat in zwei Stufen: Nichtanwendung und Anwendung von Kaliumsilikat (4 g l−1). Die Subplots enthielten sieben Genotypen von WRL-95-13, WRL-95-15, WRL-95-17, WRL-95-20, WRL-95-23, WRL-95-28 und Nafis. Trockenstress erhöhte die stomatäre Widerstandskraft, die Kronenoberflächentemperatur, den Gehalt an löslichen Kohlenhydraten und den Prolingehalt; im Gegensatz dazu wurden der Chlorophyllgehalt, der relative Wassergehalt (RWC), die Samen pro Schote, die Schoten pro Pflanze, das 1000-Samen-Gewicht, der Samenertrag und die Wassernutzungseffizienz (WUE) reduziert, wenn die Rapspflanzen Trockenstress ausgesetzt waren. Der Ölgehalt und die Qualität der Genotypen waren bei gut bewässerter Bewässerung höher als bei Trockenstress. Die Besprühung mit Kaliumsilikat trug dazu bei, das Wachstum der Rapsgenotypen zu verbessern, indem sie den RWC und den Chlorophyllgehalt erhöhte und den stomatären Widerstand und die Kronenoberflächentemperatur in beiden Bewässerungsregimes reduzierte. Die Erhöhung des Gehalts an Ölsäure und Linolsäure und die Verringerung des Gehalts an Erucasäure und Glucosinolat führten zu einer Verbesserung der Ölqualität, wenn Kaliumsilikat angewendet wurde. Insgesamt kann in Raps-Agrarökosystemen durch Vollbewässerung und Besprühen mit Kaliumsilikat eine hohe Ölmenge und -qualität erzielt werden.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support provided for this survey by the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran.
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Hamed Eyni-Nargeseh: Software, Formal analysis, Writing–Original draft preparation, Amir Hosein Shirani Rad: Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing–Original draft preparation, Saba Shiranirad: Measurements in laboratory.
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H. Eyni-Nargeseh, A.H. Shirani Rad and S. Shiranirad declare that they have no competing interests.
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Eyni-Nargeseh, H., Shirani Rad, A.H. & Shiranirad, S. Does Potassium Silicate Improve Physiological and Agronomic Traits and Oil Compositions of Rapeseed Genotypes Under Well-Watered and Water-Limited Conditions?. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 801–816 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00652-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00652-z