Abstract
Multi-drug resistant microbes are becoming a serious threat to health security and the economy. Antibiotic resistance results from the overuse of antibiotics for healthcare and livestock production. Reducing antimicrobial resistance requires replacing antibiotic consumption by more sustainable strategies to improve the immunity of humans and other animals. Therefore, here we review the use of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics to improve immunity and to reduce infections and antimicrobial resistance. The efficiency of these alternative drugs rely on colonization interference and antimicrobial activity against pathogens, restoration of the mucosal barrier function of the host, immunomodulation of the defense system and maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
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Abbreviations
- MDR:
-
Multi drug resistant
- GIT:
-
Gastrointestinal tract
- IL:
-
Interleukin
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The review manuscript was conceptualized by Dr. Fouad M. F. Elshaghabee and Dr. Namita Rokana. Both the authors have equally participated in writing of manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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This article is a bridged review of book chapter published by Elshaghabee and Rokana (2021) [Dietary Management by Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics for the Prevention of Antimicrobial Resistance. In: Panwar H., Sharma C., Lichtfouse E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 49. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58259-3_2].
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Elshaghabee, F.M.F., Rokana, N. Mitigation of antibiotic resistance using probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. A review. Environ Chem Lett 20, 1295–1308 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01382-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01382-w