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Mechanical properties of simulated dentin caries treated with metal cations and l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate

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Abstract

This pH cycling study aimed to investigate the effects of l-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (AA2P) salts of Mg, Zn, Mn, Sr, and Ba on the surface microhardness, compressive strength, diametral tensile strength (DTS), and solubility of root canal dentin. 186 cylindrical dentin specimens from 93 teeth were fortified with optimal concentrations of AA2P salts of Mg (0.18 mM), Zn (5.3 µM), Mn (2.2 × 10–8 M), Sr (1.8 µM), and Ba (1.9 µM). Saline was used as the control group. These dentin specimens underwent a 3-day cycling process simulating dentin caries formation through repeated sequences of demineralization and remineralization. Surface microhardness at 100 and 500 µm depths (n = 10/subgroup), scanning electron microscopy (n = 3/group), compressive strength (n = 10/group), DTS (n = 6/group), and solubility (n = 5/group) tests were performed to analyze the dentin specimens. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, one-way ANOVA, and Post Hoc Tukey tests (p < 0.05). The control group had significantly lower microhardness at both depths (p < 0.001), reduced DTS (p = 0.001), decreased compressive strength (p < 0.001), and higher weight loss (p < 0.001) than all other groups. The Sr group had the highest compressive strength and microhardness among all the groups. The microhardness was significantly higher for the 500 µm depth than the 100 µm depth (p < 0.001), but the difference in microhardness between depths across groups was not significant (p = 0.211). All fortifying solutions provided some protection against artificial caries lesions. Therefore, these elements might have penetrated and reinforced the demineralized dentin against acid dissolution.

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Acknowledgements

MAS is a recipient of the DenburTech, New Jersey Health Foundation, NSF-DMR-2312680, NSF-STTR- 2321456, and TechAdvance Awards. This publication is dedicated to the memory of Dr. H. Afsar Lajevardi [85], a legendary pediatrician (1953–2015) who passed. We will never forget Dr. H Afsar Lajevardi’s kindness and support. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the affiliated organizations. The authors hereby announce that they have active cooperation in this scientific study and preparation of the present manuscript. The authors confirm that they have no financial involvement with any commercial company or organization with direct financial interest regarding the materials used in this study. Special thanks to Shuying Jiang for interpreting the results of this research and Maziar Farhadi for all his help.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Mohammad Ali Saghiri

  2. Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Mohammad Ali Saghiri

  3. Sector of Innovation in Dentistry, Dr. Hajar Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster (DHAL), Hackensack, NJ, USA

    Julia Vakhnovetsky, Elham Samadi & Fatereh Samadi

  4. University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Julia Vakhnovetsky

  5. Biomaterials Laboratory, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Elham Samadi & Fatereh Samadi

  6. Polydent Dental Materials Consulting, Victoria, Canada

    Amir Abdolmaleki

  7. Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Salvatore Napoli

  8. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Office of Clinical Affairs, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Michael Conte

  9. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA

    Steven M. Morgano

  10. MSB C639A, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA

    Mohammad Ali Saghiri

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Saghiri, M.A., Vakhnovetsky, J., Abdolmaleki, A. et al. Mechanical properties of simulated dentin caries treated with metal cations and l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate. Odontology 112, 489–500 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-023-00868-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-023-00868-z

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