Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Light and viscosity effects on the curing potential of bulk-fill composites placed in deep cavities

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Odontology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

To determine the influence of light curing units (LCUs) and material viscosity on the degree of conversion (DC) of bulk-fill (BF) resin-based composites (RBCs) placed in deep cavity preparations. Four LCUs were tested: Valo cordless, Bluephase-G2, Poly wireless and Radii-cal. Light irradiance was determined at 0 mm and 6 mm distance to the reading sensor. The following RBCs were considered: Filtek BF, Filtek BF Flow, Opus BF, Opus BF Flow, Tetric N-Ceram BF and Surefil SDR Flow. Sirius-Z was used with the incremental technique. DC (n = 3) was evaluated by spectroscopy both at top and bottom regions of deep preparations with 6 mm depth. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Pearson’s correlation (95%) was used to verify the relation between the LCUs and the curing potential of RBCs. The DC at 6 mm depth was reduced when Opus BF, Opus BF Flow and Tetric N-Ceram BF were activated with Radii-cal. There was a positive correlation between the LCU irradiance and the bottom/top conversion ratios. The materials’ viscosities did not affect the curing potential. Bulk-fill composites did not present higher curing potential than the conventional composite used with the incremental technique; the most important aspect of the LCU was the irradiance ratio; and the materials’ viscosity did not affect the curing potential as a function of depth. Radii-cal negatively impacted the degree of conversion at 6 mm depth for most bulk-fill resin composites. Depending on the brand, bulk-fill composites may present reduced curing potential due to the light source when placed in deep cavities. Dentists should avoid LCU with acrylic tips to photoactivate bulk-fill resin-based composites.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tardem C, Albuquerque EG, Lopes LS, Marins SS, Calazans FS, Poubel LA, Barcelos R, Barceleiro MO. Clinical time and postoperative sensitivity after use of bulk-fill (syringe and capsule) vs. incremental filling composites: a randomized clinical trial. Braz Oral Res. 2019;16:e089. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0089.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Palin WM, Leprince JG, Hadis MA. Shining a light on high volume photocurable materials. Dent Mater. 2018;34:695–710.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Van Ende N, De Munck J, Lise DP, Van Meerbeek B. Bulk-fill composites: a review of the current literature. J Adhes Dent. 2017;19:95–109.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fronza BM, Rueggeberg FA, Braga RR, Mogilevych B, Soares LE, Martin AA, Ambrosano G, Gianini M. Monomer conversion, microhardness, internal marginal adaptation, and shrinkage stress of bulk-fill resin composites. Dent Mater. 2015;31:1542–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Al Sunbul H, Silikas N, Watts DC. Polymerization shrinkage kinetics and shrinkage-stress in dental resin-composites. Dent Mater. 2016;32:998–1006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Alshali RZ, Salim NA, Sung R, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of monomers of uncured bulk-fill and conventional resin-composites using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Dent Mater. 2015;31:711–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Reis AF, Vestphal M, Amaral RCD, Rodrigues JA, Roulet JF, Roscoe MG. Efficiency of polymerization of bulk-fill composite resins: a systematic review. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31(Suppl 1):e59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Shimokawa C, Turbino ML, Giannini M, Braga RR, Price RB. Effect of curing light and exposure time on the polymerization of bulk-fill resin-based composites in molar teeth. Oper Dent. 2020;45:E141–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Rueggeberg FA, Giannini M, Arrais CAG, Price RBT. Light curing in dentistry and clinical implications: a literature review. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31(Suppl):e61.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Shimokawa CAK, Turbino ML, Giannini M, Braga RR, Price RB. Effect of light curing units on the polymerization of bulk fill resin-based composites. Dent Mater. 2018;34:1211–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Alrahlah A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Post-cure depth of cure of bulk fill dental resin-composites. Dent Mater. 2014;30:149–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Garcia D, Yaman P, Dennison J, Neiva GF. Polymerization shrinkage and depth of cure of bulk-fill flowable composite resins. Oper Dent. 2014;39:441–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Tarle Z, Attin T, Marovic D, Andermatt L, Ristic M, Tauböck TT. Influence of irradiation time on subsurface degree of conversion and microhardness of high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites. Clin Oral Investig. 2015;19:831–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Algamaiah H, Silikas N, Watts DC. Conversion kinetics of rapid photo-polymerized resin composites. Dent Mater. 2020;36:1266–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Kaisarly D, El Gezawi M, Keßler A, Rösch P, Kunzelmann KH. Shrinkage vectors in flowable bulk-fill and conventional composites: bulk versus incremental application. Clin Oral Investig. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03412-3.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Sahadi BO, Price RB, André CB, Sebold M, Bermejo GN, Palma-Dibb RG, Faraoni JJ, Soares CJ, Giannini M. Multiple-peak and single-peak dental curing lights comparison on the wear resistance of bulk-fill composites. Braz Oral Res. 2018;17:e122.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Albuquerque PP, Bertolo ML, Cavalcante LM, Pfeifer C, Schneider LF. Degree of conversion, depth of cure, and color stability of experimental dental composite formulated with camphorquinone and phenanthrenequinone photoinitiators. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2015;27:S49-57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Tabatabaei MH, Nahavandi AM, Khorshidi S, Hashemikamangar SS. Fluorescence and opalescence of two dental composite resins. Eur J Dent. 2019;13:527–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lima RBW, Troconis CCM, Moreno MBP, Murillo-Gómez F, De Goes MF. Depth of cure of bulk fill resin composites: A systematic review. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018;30:492–501.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ilie N, Hickel R. Investigations on a methacrylate-based flowable composite based on the SDRTM technology. Dent Mater. 2011;27:348–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Fonseca AS, Labruna Moreira AD, de Albuquerque PP, de Menezes LR, Pfeifer CS, Schneider LF. Effect of monomer type on the CC degree of conversion, water sorption and solubility, and color stability of model dental composites. Dent Mater. 2017;33:394–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Price RB, Ferracane JL, Hickel R, Sullivan B. The light-curing unit: an essential piece of dental equipment. Int Dent J. 2020;70:407–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Alshali RZ, Silikas N, Satterthwaite JD. Degree of conversion of bulk-fill compared to conventional resin-composites at two time intervals. Dent Mater. 2013;29:e213–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Leprince JG, Palin WM, Vanacker J, Sabbagh J, Devaux J, Leloup G. Physico-mechanical characteristics of commercially available bulk-fill composites. J Dent. 2014;42:993–1000.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Tauböck TT, Jäger F, Attin T. Polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage force kinetics of high- and low-viscosity dimethacrylate- and ormocer-based bulk-fill resin composites. Odontolog. 2019;107:103–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

Rodrigo Antonio Modena received MSc scholarship from CAPES/Brazil (Finance code 001). Luis Felipe Schneider receives the Young Scientist of Rio de Janeiro State Scholarship from FAPERJ/Rio de Janeiro/Brazil (E-26/202.735/2018).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, UFF—Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil

    Rodrigo Antonio Modena, Larissa Maria Cavalcante & Luis Felipe Schneider

  2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, UNICAMP—Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti

  3. Biomaterials Unit, School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    William Palin

  4. Nucleus for Dental Biomaterials Research, Veiga de Almeida University, Praça da Bandeira 149, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Luis Felipe Schneider

Authors
  1. Rodrigo Antonio Modena
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. William Palin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Larissa Maria Cavalcante
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Luis Felipe Schneider
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luis Felipe Schneider.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Rodrigo Antonio Modena declares that he has no conflict of interest. Larissa Maria Cavalcante declares that she has no conflict of interest. Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti declares that he has no conflict of interest. William Palin declares that he has no conflict of interest. Luis Felipe Schneider declares that has received consultant honorarium from DFL Company.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Modena, R.A., Sinhoreti, M.A.C., Palin, W. et al. Light and viscosity effects on the curing potential of bulk-fill composites placed in deep cavities. Odontology 109, 874–883 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-021-00614-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-021-00614-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation