Abstract
The tree genus Dimorphandra (Fabaceae), which contains 26 species divided into three subgenera, was studied using DNA sequence data from six chloroplast genome regions (cpDNA) and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The analyses, which included Bayesian phylogenies and haplotype networks, ancestral area reconstructions, and ecological niche modeling, allowed for exploring the evolutionary history of Dimorphandra. Within the subgenus Phaneropsia, the cpDNA sequence data were more closely-related to species from the genus Mora, while the ITS sequence data displayed a closer phylogenetic relationship with the subgenus Pocillum. This incongruence may be due to incomplete lineage sorting associated with ancient polymorphisms. The Amazonian Dimophandra lineages were highly polymorphic and divergent, while those from the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest had low levels of polymorphisms. The Amazon likely gave rise to the Dimophandra lineage that produced the Cerrado species, while a Cerrado lineage likely gave rise to the Atlantic Forest species. Habitat shifts were identified as a key factor in shaping the late evolutionary history of Dimorphandra.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the many herbaria and researchers that provided us with samples for DNA extraction: Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (RB), Missouri Botanical Garden (MO), Herbário da Amazônia Meridional (HERBAM), Herbário da Guiana (CAY), Smithsonian Institution (US), Herbário da Embrapa Cenargen (CEN), Herbário da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (HUEFS), Herbário da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (VIC), and Herbário da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (IAN), as well as Regina Celia Martins da Silva, Karen Redden, Luciano Margalho, Claúdia Pombo, Chieno Suemitsu, Silvana Monteiro and Lilian Procópio. This work was supported by grants of the Minas Gerais State Foundation of Research Aid – FAPEMIG (APQ-00150-17) and by The National Council of Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq to LOO (PQ 302336/2019-2) and MFS (PQ305570/2021-8). VDR received a scholarship from CNPq (130903/2018-3). We thank the reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions, which enriched the current version of our manuscript substantially.
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Rocha, V.D., Dal’Sasso, T.C., Williams, C.C.V. et al. From forest to savanna and back to forest: Evolutionary history of the genus Dimorphandra (Fabaceae). J Plant Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-024-01523-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-024-01523-6