Abstract
This study evaluated the potential pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Vibrio species isolated from inland saline shrimp culture farms. Out of 200 Vibrio isolates obtained from 166 shrimp/water samples, 105 isolates were identified as V. parahaemolyticus and 31 isolates were identified as V. alginolyticus and V. cholerae, respectively. During PCR screening of virulence-associated genes, the presence of the tlh gene was confirmed in 70 and 19 isolates of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus, respectively. Besides, 10 isolates of V. parahaemolyticus were also found positive for trh gene. During antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), very high resistance to cefotaxime (93.0%), amoxiclav (90.3%), ampicillin (88.2%), and ceftazidime (73.7%) was observed in all Vibrio species. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index values of Vibrio isolates ranged from 0.00 to 0.75, with 90.1% of isolates showing resistance to ≥ 3 antibiotics. The AST and MAR patterns did not significantly vary sample-wise or Vibrio species-wise. During the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing of various antibiotics against Vibrio isolates, the highest MIC values were recorded for amoxiclav followed by kanamycin. These results indicated that multi-drug resistant Vibrio species could act as the reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes in the shrimp culture environment. The limited host range of 12 previously isolated V. parahaemolyticus phages against V. parahaemolyticus isolates from this study indicated that multiple strains of V. parahaemolyticus were prevalent in inland saline shrimp culture farms. The findings of the current study emphasize that routine monitoring of emerging aquaculture areas is critical for AMR pathogen risk assessment.
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The study data is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Dean (College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India) for all the necessary support during this study.
Funding
Funding support from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) under the Niche Area of Excellence on “Antibiotic Resistance: Animal Human Interface” (Edn.10(8)/2016-EP&HS) to A. K. Arora was used to conduct this work.
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Prapti Sudan: methodology, investigation, data curation, visualization, and writing—original draft. Anuj Tyagi: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—original draft, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Rouf Ahmad Dar: methodology, investigation, data curation, and writing—review and editing. Chetna Sharma: investigation, data curation, writing—review and editing, and visualization. Prabjeet Singh: investigation, resources, data analysis, and writing—review and editing. Naveen Kumar B. T.: investigation, resources, and writing—review and editing. Mudit Chandra: methodology, resources, data curation, and writing—review and editing. A. K. Arora: conceptualization, writing—review & editing, project administration, and funding acquisition. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The study was conducted as per approved guidelines of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Government of India. The approval number for this study was PGS/A-1/20/2205–06 dated 07/08/2020.
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Sudan, P., Tyagi, A., Dar, R.A. et al. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of food safety related Vibrio species in inland saline water shrimp culture farms. Int Microbiol 26, 591–600 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-023-00323-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-023-00323-7