Abstract
There is a need for new anti–Candida albicans (C. albicans) drugs owing to the emergence of drug resistance in recent years. AMP-17, an antimicrobial peptide from Musca domestica (M. domestica), is known to be an effective inhibitor of many fungal pathogens, including C. albicans. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism underlying the anti–C. albicans effects of AMP-17 using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescent probes, fluorescence microplate reader, and confocal laser microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy showed that, following AMP-17 treatment, the shape of C. albicans cells became irregular, and vacuoles could be seen in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, AMP-17 treatment resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and changes in the cell cycle, leading to the apoptosis and necrosis, which ultimately contributed to the death of C. albicans cells.
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Funding
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers:81760647, 82060381), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guizhou Province (ZK [2022] general project 345), and Excellent Young Teacher Training Program of Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University (SQ2022YQJH01).
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HM, JP, and GG conceived and designed the experiments. HM, LY, ZT, and LZ performed the experiments. HM, JP, JX, and PF analyzed the data. JP and LY contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. HM and GG wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Ma, H., Yang, L., Tian, Z. et al. Antimicrobial peptide AMP-17 exerts anti–Candida albicans effects through ROS-mediated apoptosis and necrosis. Int Microbiol 26, 81–90 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00274-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00274-5