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Sustainable forest management in a mountain region in the Central Western Carpathians, northeastern Slovakia: the role of climate change

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Abstract

European forestry is facing many challenges, including the need to adapt to climate change and an unprecedented increase in forest damage. We investigated these challenges in a Norway spruce-dominated mountain region in Central Europe. We used the model Sibyla to explore forest biomass production to the year 2100 under climate change and under two alternative management systems: the currently applied management (CM), which strives to actively improve the forest’s adaptive capacity, and no management (NM) as a reference. Because biodiversity is thought to have mostly positive effects on the adaptive capacity of forests and on the quality of ecosystem services, we explored how climate change and management affect indicators of biodiversity. We found a differential response across the elevation-climatic gradient, including a drought-induced decrease in biomass production over large areas. With CM, the support of non-spruce species and the projected improvement of their growth increased tree species diversity. The promotion of species with higher survival rates led to a decrease in forest damage relative to both the present conditions and NM. NM preserved the high density of over-matured spruce trees, which caused forest damage to increase. An abundance of dead wood and large standing trees, which can increase biodiversity, increased with NM. Our results suggest that commercial spruce forests, which are not actively adapted to climate change, tend to preserve their monospecific composition at a cost of increased forest damage. The persisting high rates of damage along with the adverse effects of climate change make the prospects of such forests uncertain.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the EC 7FP project ARANGE (FP7-289437-ARANGE) (35 %), projects ITMS 26220120069 (20 %) and ITMS 26220220066 (20 %) supported by the Operational Programme Research and Development funded by the European Regional Development Fund, projects supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under contracts nos. DO7RP-0030-11 (5 %) and APVV-0111-10 (10 %), and projects QJ 1220316 (5 %) and QJ 1220317 (5 %) supported by the National Agency for Agriculture Research of the Czech Republic. We thank to prof. Bruce Jaffee (USA) for linguistic and editorial improvement.

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  1. Department of Forest and Landscape Ecology, National Forest Centre – Forest Research Institute Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 22, 960 92, Zvolen, Slovak Republic

    Tomáš Hlásny, Ivan Barka, Ladislav Kulla & Tomáš Bucha

  2. Department of Forest Protection and Entomology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Tomáš Hlásny, Ivan Barka & Jiří Trombik

  3. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 92, Zvolen, Slovak Republic

    Róbert Sedmák

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  1. Tomáš Hlásny
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Correspondence to Tomáš Hlásny.

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Hlásny, T., Barka, I., Kulla, L. et al. Sustainable forest management in a mountain region in the Central Western Carpathians, northeastern Slovakia: the role of climate change. Reg Environ Change 17, 65–77 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0894-y

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