Abstract
Actuator-driven pulsed water-jet (ADPJ) dissection is an emerging surgical method for dissecting tissue without heat and mechanical injury to vessels. We elucidated the mechanical properties of the piezo ADPJ and evaluated its usefulness and safety in coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. The relationship between the input voltage (10–100 V) and peak pressure of the pulsed water jet was evaluated. The tissue strengths of swine internal thoracic and coronary arteries and the surrounding tissues were measured to assure tissue-selective dissection. Internal thoracic arteries were harvested by conventional electric cautery and the water jet in four swine, and eight coronary arteries surrounded by myocardium were attempted to be exposed with the water jet. The dissected specimens were histologically evaluated. The peak pressure of the pulsed water jet was positively correlated with the input voltage (R 2 = 0.9984, P < 0.001). The breaking strengths of the target vessels (internal thoracic and coronary arteries) and the surrounding tissues were significantly different (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). Histologic examination revealed that internal thoracic arteries were isolated with less heat damage using the pulsed water jet (P = 0.002) compared with electric cautery, and coronary arteries also were dissected without apparent histologic damage. ADPJ has the possibility of assuring tissue selectivity among the internal thoracic and coronary arteries. The results also indicated that the use of ADPJ may enhance safe procedures to harvest grafts during coronary artery bypass grafting.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kumar P, Yanagawa B, Tuneyosi H, Moussa F, Cohen G, Christakis G, Fremes S. Technique of harvesting an internal thoracic artery densely adherent to the periosteum. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;90:681–2.
Higami T, Maruo A, Yamashita T, Shida T, Ogawa K. Histologic and physiologic evaluation of skeletonized internal thoracic artery harvesting with an ultrasonic scalpel. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000;120:1142–7.
Bulat C, Pešutić-Pisac V, Čapkun V, Marović Z, Pogorelić Z, Družijanić N. Comparison of thermal damage of the internal thoracic artery using ultra high radiofrequency and monopolar diathermy. Surgeon. 2014;12:249–55.
Aydin U, Kocogullari CU. A method for locating embedded left anterior descending coronary arteries. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;95:360–1.
Apostolakis E, Koletsis E, Leivaditis V, Lozos V, Dougenis D. A safe technique of exposing of a “hidden” left anterior descending artery. J Card Surg. 2007;22:505–6.
Oertel J, Gaab MR, Knapp A, Essig H, Warzok R, Piek J. Water jet dissection in neurosurgery: experimental results in the porcine cadaveric brain. Neurosurgery. 2003;52:153–9.
Piek J, Wille C, Warzok R, Gaab MR. Waterjet dissection of the brain: experimental and first clinical results. J Neurosurg. 1998;89:861–4.
Rau HG, Duessel AP, Wurzbacher S. The use of water-jet dissection in open and laparoscopic liver resection. HPB (Oxford). 2008;10:275–80.
Hirano T, Komatsu M, Saeki T, Uenohara H, Takahashi A, Takayama K, Yoshimoto T. Enhancement of fibrinolytics with a laser-induced liquid jet. Lasers Surg Med. 2001;29:360–8.
Nakagawa A, Hirano T, Jokura H, Uenohara H, Ohki T, Hashimoto T, Menezes V, Sato Y, Kusaka Y, Ohyama H, Saito T. Pulsed holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser-induced liquid jet as a novel dissection device in neuroendoscopic surgery. J Neurosurg. 2004;101:145–50.
Ohki T, Nakagawa A, Hirano T, Hashimoto T, Menezes V, Jokura H, Uenohara H, Sato Y, Saito T, Shirane R, Tominaga T. Experimental application of pulsed Ho: YAG laser-induced liquid jet as a novel rigid neuroendoscopic dissection device. Lasers Surg Med. 2004;34:227–34.
Ogawa Y, Nakagawa A, Takayama K, Tominaga T. Pulsed laser-induced liquid jet for skull base tumor removal with vascular preservation through the transsphenoidal approach: a clinical investigation. Acta Neurochirur (Wien). 2011;153:823–30.
Ogawa Y, Nakagawa A, Washio T, Arafune T, Tominaga T. Tissue dissection before direct manipulation to the pathology with pulsed laser-induced liquid jet system in skull base surgery—preservation of fine vessels and maintained optic nerve function. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2013;155:1879–86.
Yamada M, Nakano T, Sato C, Nakagawa A, Fujishima F, Kawagishi N, Nakanishi C, Sakurai T, Miyata G, Tominaga T, Ohuchi N. The dissection profile and mechanism of tissue-selective dissection of the piezo actuator-driven pulsed water jet as a surgical instrument: Laboratory investigation using swine liver. Eur Surg Res. 2014;53:61–72.
Yamashita S, Kamiyama Y, Nakagawa A, Kaiho Y, Tominaga T, Arai Y. Novel pulsed water jet system permits off-clamp partial nephrectomy in swine. Int J Urol. 2014;21:1181–2.
Seto T, Yamamoto H, Takayama K, Nakagawa A, Tominaga T. Characteristics of an actuator-driven pulsed water jet generator to dissecting soft tissue. Rev Sci Instrum. 2011;82:055105.
Ebrahimi AP. Mechanical properties of normal and diseased cerebrovascular system. J Vasc Interv Neurol. 2009;2:155–62.
Grenier R, Périé D, Gilbert G, Beaudoin G, Curnier D. Assessment of mechanical properties of muscles from multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging. J Biomed Sci Eng. 2014;7:593–603.
Acknowledgements
The authors appreciate the assistance of Teruko Sueta and Nobuko Hashimoto from the Center for Laboratory Animal Research, Tohoku University, and Ayako Ono from the experimental laboratory at the Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine for technical assistance. The authors thank Mr. Takeshi Seto and Mr. Yasuyoshi Hama for preparing the surgical instruments. The authors thank Dr. Yuriko Saiki for her expertise with histopathological assessment and Ms. Asaka Ishigamori for administrative assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Funding
This work was supported in part by the Translational Research Network Program, B13, Grants-in Aid for Scientific Research (C) (26462196, 26462197, 24592049, and 15K10353), (A) (15H01707), and (B) (26282116 and 15H04945) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology. The piezo ADPJ system was supplied by Seiko Epson Corporation as part of a collaborative research contract with Tohoku University.
Conflict of interest
Nakagawa and Tominaga received research funding support from Seiko Epson Co., Ltd. under a collaborative research contract with Tohoku University; otherwise, none were reported.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Suzuki, T., Kawamoto, S., Nakagawa, A. et al. Application of actuator-driven pulsed water jet for coronary artery bypass grafting: assessment in a swine model. J Artif Organs 21, 247–253 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-017-1008-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-017-1008-z