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Teeth with acute apical abscess vs. teeth with chronic apical periodontitis: a quantitative and qualitative proteomic analysis

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Abstract

Objective

To quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the proteomic profile of teeth with acute apical abscesses (AAA) compared with teeth with chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) and to correlate the expression of detected human proteins with their main biological functions.

Materials and methods

Samples were obtained from root canals of 9 patients diagnosed with AAA and 9 with CAP. Samples were analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was performed by Protein Lynx Global Service software. Differences in protein expression were calculated using the t-test (p < 0.05).

Results

In total, 246 human proteins were identified from all samples. Proteins exclusively found in the AAA group were mainly associated with the immunoinflammatory response and oxidative stress response. In the quantitative analysis, 17 proteins were upregulated (p < 0.05) in the AAA group, including alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, hemopexin, fibrinogen gamma chain, and immunoglobulin. Additionally, 61 proteins were downregulated (p < 0.05), comprising cathepsin G, moesin, gelsolin, and transketolase. Most of the proteins were from the extracellular matrix, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

Conclusions

The common proteins between the groups were mainly associated with the immune response at both expression levels. Upregulated proteins mostly belonged to the acute-phase proteins, while the downregulated proteins were associated with DNA/RNA regulation and repair, and structural function.

Clinical relevance

The host response is directly related to the development of apical abscesses. Thus, understanding the behavior of human proteins against the endodontic pathogens involved in this condition might contribute to the study of new approaches related to the treatment of this disease.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the Laboratory of Biochemistry from Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, for technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by São Paulo State Research Foundation (FAPESP) (Grant numbers 2018/18741–0, 2019/14995–0) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, SP, Araçatuba, Brazil

    Caroline Loureiro, Gladiston William Lobo Rodrigues, Júlia Guerra Andrade, Juliano Pelim Pessan & Rogério Castilho Jacinto

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil

    Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf & Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura

  3. Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Vinícius Taioqui Pelá

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  1. Caroline Loureiro
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception, methodology, validation, and writing. Data acquisition was performed by Caroline Loureiro, Gladiston William Lobo Rodrigues, Júlia Guerra Andrade, and Rogério de Castilho Jacinto. Formal analysis was carried out by Caroline Loureiro, Talita Mendes Oliveira Ventura, and Vinícius Taioqui Pelá. Caroline Loureiro and Rogério de Castilho Jacinto acquired financing. Project administration and supervision were performed by Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf, Juliano Pelim Pessan, and Rogério de Castilho Jacinto. All authors agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. All authors have read and approved the final article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rogério Castilho Jacinto.

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Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration. and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of School of Dentistry, Araçatuba—UNESP (Nº 54191721.3.0000.5420).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Loureiro, C., Buzalaf, M.A.R., Ventura, T.M.O. et al. Teeth with acute apical abscess vs. teeth with chronic apical periodontitis: a quantitative and qualitative proteomic analysis. Clin Oral Invest 27, 591–601 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04754-w

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