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B cell depletion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with reduced IL-1β in GCF

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Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

We evaluated the effect of B cell depletion on the clinical periodontal findings and IL-1β and MMP-8 levels of the gingival crevicular (GCF) fluid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Materials and methods

Seventy patients were included in this case–control study. Twenty patients with RA were undergoing B-cell depletion treatment. The second group of RA patients (n = 20) were undergoing non-B-cell depletion treatment with Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD). Control group, with no RA, consisted of 30 individuals. Periodontal parameters including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. IL-1β and MMP-8 levels in GCF were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rheumatological parameters including Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28), rheumatoid factor levels (RF), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide levels were included in the data analyses.

Results

All groups were similar in PD, CAL, BOP, GI, and PI measures. GCF IL-1β levels were 1.85 ± 1.67 pg in the B-cell depletion group, 10.50 ± 13.16 pg in the DMARD group, and 34.12 ± 29.45 pg in the control group (p < 0.001). MMP-8 levels were 21.00 ± 4.23 pg in the B-cell depletion group, 8.16 ± 6.94 pg in the DMARD group, and 21.45 ± 8.67 pg in the control group (p < 0.001). DAS 28, RF, and anti-CCP were similar in RA groups.

Conclusions

GCF IL-1β levels were significantly lower in B cell depletion group, and MMP-8 levels were significantly lower in DMARD group, suggesting that rheumatoid arthritis treatments may modify biochemical parameters of GCF.

Clinical relevance

This study suggests that host modulation therapies in RA can reduce local production of IL-1β and MMP-8. Reduction of these inflammatory cytokines and enzymes may have a beneficial effect in controlling periodontal tissue destruction.

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Funding

This study is funded by the Akdeniz University Scientific Projects Coordination Unit (TSA-2017–2431).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Mükerrem Hatipoğlu, Özlem Daltaban & Kemal Üstün

  2. Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey

    Sevcan Uğur

  3. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey

    Cahit Kaçar & Tiraje Tuncer

  4. Department of Applied Oral Sciences, Center for Periodontology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Alpdogan Kantarci

Authors
  1. Mükerrem Hatipoğlu
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  2. Özlem Daltaban
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  4. Kemal Üstün
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  5. Cahit Kaçar
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Contributions

Dr. Hatipoğlu, Dr. Daltaban, Dr. Üstün, and Dr. Kantarcı designed the study. Dr. Üstün and Dr. Daltaban performed the clinical examinations, Dr. Uğur, Dr. Kaçar, and Dr. Tuncer performed the rheumatological assessments. Dr. Hatipoğlu, Dr. Daltaban, and Dr. Kantarci developed and reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kemal Üstün.

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Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (70904504/363) and Ministry of Health (17-AKD-06).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Hatipoğlu, M., Daltaban, Ö., Uğur, S. et al. B cell depletion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis is associated with reduced IL-1β in GCF. Clin Oral Invest 26, 4307–4313 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04378-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04378-0

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