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Immediate implant placement following 1-year treatment with oral versus intravenous bisphosphonates: a histomorphometric canine study on peri-implant bone

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Abstract

Objectives

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are anti-resorptive medications with inhibitory effects on osteoclasts which decrease bone turnover. The present study aimed to assess the early effects of BPs on peri-implant bone.

Materials and methods

Twelve female mongrel dogs were assigned to one control and two experimental groups as follows: 12 months of oral alendronate (ALN, 3.5 mg/kg/week) or intravenous (IV) pamidronate (PAM, 1 mg/kg/week) for experimental groups. Following 8 weeks after implant insertion, the specimens were sacrificed, histological evaluation was performed, and C-terminal telopeptide of collagen I (CTx) analysis was performed on serums.

Results

PAM demonstrated the greatest marginal bone level (MBL), 2.64 ± 0.48, followed by ALN and control, 2.5 ± 0.4 and 0.66 ± 0.5 respectively. The least bone-implant contact was observed in PAM group (%39 ± 0.03) while it was significantly greater in the control group (p < 0.05). PAM and ALN demonstrated < 10 CTx levels versus > 300 in controls.

Conclusion

It is assumed that long-term oral or IV BP therapy decreases marginal bone resorption and osseointegration. These changes were more accentuated in IV BP administration. CTx does not seem to be a precise predictor for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Clinical relevance

BPs impair peri-implant bone remodeling and this phenomena may be effective for reducing resorption at esthetic zone implants; however, decrease in osseointegration may be a concern for implant treatment in patients receiving BPs.

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Funding

The work was supported by grants awarded by Research Institute of Dental Sciences at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjou Boulevard, Evin, P.O. 19839, Tehran, Iran

    Arash Khojasteh

  2. Department of Surgery and Radiology, Center of Excellence for Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Mehdi Dehghan

  3. Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Behehshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Pantea Nazeman

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  1. Arash Khojasteh
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Correspondence to Arash Khojasteh.

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Khojasteh, A., Dehghan, M.M. & Nazeman, P. Immediate implant placement following 1-year treatment with oral versus intravenous bisphosphonates: a histomorphometric canine study on peri-implant bone. Clin Oral Invest 23, 1803–1809 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2579-7

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