Abstract
Callose (β-1,3-glucan) is one of the cell wall polymers that plays an important role in many biological processes in plants, including reproductive development. In angiosperms, timely deposition and degradation of callose during sporogenesis accompanies the transition of cells from somatic to generative identity. However, knowledge on the regulation of callose biosynthesis at specific sites of the megasporocyte wall remains limited and the data on its distribution are not conclusive. Establishing the callose deposition pattern in a large number of species can contribute to full understanding of its function in reproductive development. Previous studies focused on callose events in sexual species and only a few concerned apomicts. The main goal of our research was to establish and compare the pattern of callose deposition during early sexual and diplosporous processes in the ovules of some Hieracium, Pilosella and Taraxacum (Asteraceae) species; aniline blue staining technique was used for this purpose. Our findings indicate that callose deposition accompanies both meiotic and diplosporous development of the megaspore mother cell. This suggests that it has similar regulatory functions in intercellular communication regardless of the mode of reproduction. Interestingly, callose deposition followed a different pattern in the studied sexual and diplosporous species compared to most angiosperms as it usually began at the micropylar pole of the megasporocyte. Here, it was only in sexually reproducing H. transylvanicum that callose first appeared at the chalazal pole of the megasporocyte. The present paper additionally discusses the occurrence of aposporous initial cells with callose-rich walls in the ovules of diploid species.
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The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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This research was supported by the statutory research funds DS/MND/WBiNoZ/IB/12/2016, DS/MND/WBiNoZ/IB/7/2017, K/ZDS/008057 of the Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Poland and partly co-funded by Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities (grant no. 78/20/B).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. ABJ – design of the study, material preparation, embryological analysis, interpretation of results, preparation of figures, data collection and writing the manuscript; JM – identification and sampling of plant material and proofreading of the manuscript; ZS – identification and sampling of plant material and proofreading of the manuscript; KM – design of the study, interpretation of results and proofreading of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Janas, A.B., Marciniuk, J., Szeląg, Z. et al. New facts about callose events in the young ovules of some sexual and apomictic species of the Asteraceae family. Protoplasma 259, 1553–1565 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-022-01755-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-022-01755-0