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The attenuated live vaccine strain W2512 provides protection against novel variant infectious bursal disease virus

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Abstract

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes an acute and highly contagious infectious disease characterized by severe immunosuppression, causing great economic losses to the poultry industry globally. Over the past 30 years, this disease has been well controlled through vaccination and strict biosafety measures. However, novel variant IBDV strains have emerged in recent years, posing a new threat to the poultry industry. Our previous epidemiological survey showed that few novel variant IBDV strains had been isolated from chickens immunized with the attenuated live vaccine W2512-, suggesting that this vaccine is efficacious against novel variant strains. Here, we report the protective effect of the W2512 vaccine against novel variant strains in SPF chickens and commercial yellow-feathered broilers. We found that W2512 causes severe atrophy of the bursa of Fabricius in SPF chickens and commercial yellow-feathered broilers, induces high levels of antibodies against IBDV, and protects chickens from infection with the novel variant strains via a placeholder effect. This study highlights the protective effect of commercial attenuated live vaccines against the novel IBDV variant and provides guidance for the prevention and control of this disease.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Shijun Zheng and Dr. Yungfu Chang for their assistance and apologize to the authors of articles on relevant research that were not cited in this manuscript due to limited space.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFD1801300).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Mei Leng and Xiaomeng Bian contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Provincial Animal Virus Vector Vaccine Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China

    Mei Leng, Yazheng Chen, Zhishan Liang, Jiamin Lian, Feng Chen & Wencheng Lin

  2. Wen’s Group Academy, Wen’s Foodstuffs Group Co., Ltd, Xinxing, China

    Mei Leng & Zhanxin Wang

  3. Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China

    Xiaomeng Bian

  4. Ceva China Technical & Marketing Department (Poultry), Beijing, China

    Meng Chen

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  1. Mei Leng
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Contributions

Leng M., Bian X., Liang Z., and Lian J. performed the experiments and analyzed the data. Leng M. and Bian X. wrote the manuscript. Chen F. and Chen M. supervised the experiments. Lin W. and Wang Z. conceived the study, designed the experiments, and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhanxin Wang or Wencheng Lin.

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Communicated by Roman Pogranichniy.

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Leng, M., Bian, X., Chen, Y. et al. The attenuated live vaccine strain W2512 provides protection against novel variant infectious bursal disease virus. Arch Virol 168, 200 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05828-0

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