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An all-inorganic lead-free metal halide double perovskite for the highly selective detection of norfloxacin in aqueous solution

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Abstract

Lead-based perovskites are highly susceptible to environmental influences, and their application in analytical chemistry, especially in aqueous solution, has been reported rarely. All-inorganic lead-free metal halide perovskites have been considered as a substitute for lead-based perovskites. Herein, a Cs2RbTbCl6 perovskite microcrystal (PMCs), which emits strong yellow-green fluorescence with a maximum emission wavelength at 547 nm, was for the first time  synthesized and characterized. The Cs2RbTbCl6 PMCs could be well dispersed in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMF), and its fluorescence could be significantly enhanced by the addition of norfloxacin (NOR) in the aqueous solution. We found that the Cs2RbTbCl6 PMCs can be used as fluorescent probes (excitation, 365 nm; emission, 547 nm) to selectively detect NOR in a concentration range from 10.0 to 200.0 μM with the limit of detection (LOD) being 0.04 μM. The Cs2RbTbCl6 PMCs could also be adsorbed on filter paper to fabricate as a fluorescent test paper for visual detection of NOR under 365-nm ultraviolet (UV) lamp irradiation. The proposed method has the potential to establish a new analytical method to visualize the detection of NOR in aqueous environments and also promotes the application of all-inorganic lead-free perovskites for analytical detection in aqueous environments.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to the Advanced Analysis and Measurement Center of Yunnan University for providing a sample testing service.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21565030, 22164020), the Program for Excellent Young Talents of Yunnan University, and the Foundation of National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education (Yunnan University).

National Natural Science Foundation of China,21565030,Jian Ling,22164020,Qiue Cao

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

    Hai-Chi Zhang, Ni Yang, Wen-Zhi She, Jin-Zhou Liu, Qiu-Lin Wen, Rong Sheng Li, Jian Ling & Qiue Cao

  2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

    Hai-Chi Zhang, Ni Yang, Wen-Zhi She, Jin-Zhou Liu, Qiu-Lin Wen, Rong Sheng Li, Jian Ling & Qiue Cao

  3. School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

    Hai-Chi Zhang, Ni Yang, Wen-Zhi She, Jin-Zhou Liu, Qiu-Lin Wen, Rong Sheng Li, Jian Ling & Qiue Cao

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  1. Hai-Chi Zhang
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Zhang, HC., Yang, N., She, WZ. et al. An all-inorganic lead-free metal halide double perovskite for the highly selective detection of norfloxacin in aqueous solution. Microchim Acta 191, 125 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-024-06198-3

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