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A highly stable black phosphorene nanocomposite for voltammetric detection of clenbuterol

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Abstract

A nanocomposite was prepared from graphene-like two-dimensional black phosphorene (BP, an allotrope of phosphorus) and nafion (Nf) treated with isopropanol (IP). A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with this nanocomposite was found to be a viable sensor for voltammetric determination of clenbuterol (CLB). Unlike previously reported pure BP, the BP nanocomposite was stable towards water and oxygen. Its morphology, structure, electrochemically active surface area and electrochemical stability were investigated. The BP-Nf (IP) modified GCE displayed good electrochemical stability and electrocatalytic capacity with a low working potential of 0.94 V (vs. SCE), excellent peak current response for CLB in a linear concentration range of 0.06–24 μM with a detection limit of 3.7 nM (3σ/m) and a sensitivity of 0.14 μA·μM−1·cm−2 under optimal conditions. A sensing mechanism for the electro-oxidation of CLB was suggested and verified by density functional theory calculations under imitation of aqueous solution conditions. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of CLB in bovine meat and bovine serum samples.

Highly-stable black phosphorene (BP) nanocomposite based on Nafion (Nf) was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). It is shonw to be a viable electrochemical platform for sensitive voltammetric determination of trace clenbuterol (CLB) in bovine beef and bovine serum.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by National Beef Cattle Industry Technology & System (CARS-38), National Natural Science Foundation of China (51662014), Outstanding Young Talent Program of Jiangxi Province (20171BCB23042), Fondecyt Chile Project Regular (1180023), Powered@NLHPC (ECM-02), Development and Nutrition of Feed for Beef Cattle in Guangchang County (09005392).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China

    Yu Ge, Lanjiao Xu, Mingren Qu, Huan Liang & Erlong Zhao

  2. Institute of Functional Materials and Agricultural Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People’s Republic of China

    Yu Ge, Mingfang Li & Yangping Wen

  3. Centro de Nanotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, 5750, Santiago, Chile

    María Belén Camarada

Authors
  1. Yu Ge
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  2. María Belén Camarada
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  3. Lanjiao Xu
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  4. Mingren Qu
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  5. Huan Liang
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  6. Erlong Zhao
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  7. Mingfang Li
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  8. Yangping Wen
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Correspondence to Lanjiao Xu or Yangping Wen.

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Ge, Y., Camarada, M.B., Xu, L. et al. A highly stable black phosphorene nanocomposite for voltammetric detection of clenbuterol. Microchim Acta 185, 566 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3084-z

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