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Picralima nitida protects against hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

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Abstract

Picralima nitida is widely used in herbal medicine due to its numerous health benefits. We investigated the effects of extracts of P. nitida in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups of 5 rats each and treated as follows; Group I — normal control rats, Group II — diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide, Group III — diabetic rats not treated, Group IV — diabetic rats treated with methanol extract of P. nitida leaf, Group V — diabetic rats treated with methanol extract of P. nitida seed, Group VI — diabetic rats treated with methanol extract of P. nitida root. Phytochemical analysis of the methanol extracts of P. nitida revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher tannin (83.183 mgTAN/g) content in the seed extract, phenolic (289.377 mgGAE/g) and flavonoid (343.681 mgQUE/g) content in the leaf extract. Administration of P. nitida extracts resulted in steady significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the fasting blood glucose levels, AST, ALT and ALP of the alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Administration of the extracts resulted in significant (p < 0.05) increases in the activity of CAT and GSH in the serum, liver, heart and kidney of the experimental rats. Treatment with the extracts resulted in significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the LPO activity in the serum, liver, heart and kidney of the rats. The leaf, seed and root extracts of P. nitida showed significant antidiabetic properties and protect against hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress, which are comparable to that of the standard drug, glibenclamide.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria

    Erwin Osiele Onyekachukwu, Aishat Mary Osagie & Marshall Arebojie Azeke

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria

    Sylvia Oghogho Omage

  3. Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria

    Kingsley Omage

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  1. Erwin Osiele Onyekachukwu
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  2. Aishat Mary Osagie
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  3. Sylvia Oghogho Omage
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  4. Kingsley Omage
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  5. Marshall Arebojie Azeke
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Contributions

GEO, MAA and AMO conceived, designed and performed the experiments; GEO, MAA, AMO, SOO and KO performed the analysis and interpretation of the data, while SOO and KO prepared the draft of the manuscript. All the authors have reviewed and approved the final draft of the manuscript. All data were generated in-house, and no paper mill was used. All the authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of work ensuring integrity and accuracy.

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Correspondence to Kingsley Omage.

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The experiments were approved by the Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals in the Department of Biochemistry, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, and carried out according to the NIH and University Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

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Onyekachukwu, E.O., Osagie, A.M., Omage, S.O. et al. Picralima nitida protects against hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Comp Clin Pathol 30, 981–993 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-021-03297-y

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