Skip to main content
Log in

Thermomechanical vibration analysis of a restrained nanobeam

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Microsystem Technologies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, thermomechanical vibration analysis of a nanobeam model of boron nitride nanotube is performed. Displacement is allowed by placing elastic springs in the boundary conditions. The end displacements are represented by two different coefficients and the variable in the region is represented by an analytical Fourier sine function. The Stokes' transformation is used to force the boundary conditions to resemble the desired support shape. It is aimed in this study, a general eigenvalue problem that gives the thermal vibrational frequencies of a single-walled boron nitride nanotube under deformable boundary conditions is established. Unlike the studies with rigid boundary conditions found in the literature, in this study, there is no need to re-derive the system equations for each boundary condition change. The results are compared with similar results in the literature and excellent agreement is obtained. In addition, the effects of thermal load, elastic springs, small-scale parameters and elastic foundation are investigated and it is found that these effects have a negligible influences on the vibration frequencies of boron nitride nanotubes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Not applicable.

References

  • Abdullah SS, Hashemi SH, Hussein NA, Nazemnezhad R (2021) Three-dimensional thermal stress effects on nonlinear torsional vibration of carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium. Nanoscale Microscale Thermophys Eng 25(3–4):179–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Abdullah SS, Hosseini-Hashemi S, Hussein NA, Nazemnezhad R (2022) Effect of temperature on vibration of cracked single-walled carbon nanotubes embedded in an elastic medium under different boundary conditions. Mech Based Des Struct Mach 50(5):1614–1639

    Google Scholar 

  • Abouelregal AE, Ersoy H, Civalek Ö (2021) Solution of Moore–Gibson–Thompson equation of an unbounded medium with a cylindrical hole. Mathematics 9(13):1536

    Google Scholar 

  • Akbaş ŞD, Ersoy H, Akgöz B, Civalek Ö (2021) Dynamic analysis of a fiber-reinforced composite beam under a moving load by the Ritz method. Mathematics 9(9):1048

    Google Scholar 

  • Akbaş ŞD, Yaylı ÖM, Deliktaş B, Uzun B (2022) Vibration analysis of cracked microbeams by using finite element method in handbook of damage mechanics: nano to macro scale for materials and structures. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 155–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Akgöz B, Civalek Ö (2022) Buckling analysis of functionally graded tapered microbeams via Rayleigh–Ritz method. Mathematics 10(23):4429

    Google Scholar 

  • Arani AG, Kolahchi R, Maraghi ZK (2013) Nonlinear vibration and instability of embedded double-walled boron nitride nanotubes based on nonlocal cylindrical shell theory. Appl Math Model 37(14–15):7685–7707

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Arda M (2022) Evaluation of optimum length scale parameters in longitudinal wave propagation on nonlocal strain gradient carbon nanotubes by lattice dynamics. Mech Based Des Struct Mach 50(12):4363–4386

    Google Scholar 

  • Asghar S, Naeem MN, Hussain M (2020) Non-local effect on the vibration analysis of double walled carbon nanotubes based on Donnell shell theory. Phys E 116:113726

    Google Scholar 

  • Baghdadi H, Tounsi A, Zidour M, Benzair A (2015) Thermal effect on vibration characteristics of armchair and zigzag single-walled carbon nanotubes using nonlocal parabolic beam theory Fullerenes. Nanotub Carbon Nanostruct 23(3):266–272

    Google Scholar 

  • Barretta R, Čanadija M, Marotti de Sciarra F (2019a) Modified nonlocal strain gradient elasticity for nano-rods and application to carbon nanotubes. Appl Sci 9(3):514

    Google Scholar 

  • Barretta R, Faghidian SA, Luciano R (2019b) Longitudinal vibrations of nano-rods by stress-driven integral elasticity. Mech Adv Mater Struct 26(15):1307–1315

    Google Scholar 

  • Barretta R, Faghidian SA, Marotti de Sciarra F, Vaccaro MS (2020) Nonlocal strain gradient torsion of elastic beams: variational formulation and constitutive boundary conditions. Arch Appl Mech 90:691–706

    Google Scholar 

  • Bensattalah T, Zidour M, Daouadji TH (2019) A new nonlocal beam model for free vibration analysis of chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes. Compos Mater Eng 1(1):21–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Chopra NG, Luyken RJ, Cherrey K et al (1995) Boron nitride nanotubes. Science 269(5226):966–967

    Google Scholar 

  • Civalek O, Uzun B, Yayli MO (2022a) A fourier sine series solution of static and dynamic response of nano/micro-scaled FG rod under torsional effect. Adv Nano Res 12(5):467–482

    Google Scholar 

  • Civalek Ö, Uzun B, Yaylı MÖ (2022b) An effective analytical method for buckling solutions of a restrained FGM nonlocal beam. Comput Appl Math 41(2):67

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Demir Ç, Civalek Ö (2017) A new nonlocal FEM via Hermitian cubic shape functions for thermal vibration of nano beams surrounded by an elastic matrix. Compos Struct 168:872–884

    Google Scholar 

  • Elmerabet AH, Heireche H, Tounsi A, Semmah A (2017) Buckling temperature of a single-walled boron nitride nanotubes using a novel nonlocal beam model. Adv Nano Res 5(1):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA (2017) Analytical inverse solution of eigenstrains and residual fields in autofrettaged thick-walled tubes. J Press Vessel Technol 139(3):031205

    Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA (2018) On non-linear flexure of beams based on non-local elasticity theory. Int J Eng Sci 124:49–63

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Elishakoff I (2023) The tale of shear coefficients in Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory. 130 years of progress. Meccanica 58(1):97–108

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Goudar D, Farrahi GH, Smith DJ (2012) Measurement, analysis and reconstruction of residual stresses. J Strain Anal Eng Des 47(4):254–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Żur KK, Pan E, Kim J (2022a) On the analytical and meshless numerical approaches to mixture stress gradient functionally graded nano-bar in tension. Eng Anal Bound Elem 134:571–580

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Żur KK, Reddy JN, Ferreira AJM (2022b) On the wave dispersion in functionally graded porous Timoshenko–Ehrenfest nanobeams based on the higher-order nonlocal gradient elasticity. Compos Struct 279:114819

    Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Żur KK, Elishakoff I (2023a) Nonlinear flexure mechanics of mixture unified gradient nanobeams. Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simul 117:106928

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Faghidian SA, Żur KK, Pan E (2023b) Stationary variational principle of mixture unified gradient elasticity. Int J Eng Sci 182:103786

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fang B, Zhen YX, Zhang CP, Tang Y (2013) Nonlinear vibration analysis of double-walled carbon nanotubes based on nonlocal elasticity theory. Appl Math Model 37(3):1096–1107

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Ghadiri M, Ebrahimi F, Salari E, Hosseini SAH, Shaghaghi GR (2015) Electro-thermo-mechanical vibration analysis of embedded single-walled boron nitride nanotubes based on nonlocal third-order beam theory. Int J Multiscale Comput Eng 13(5):443–461

    Google Scholar 

  • Gul U, Aydogdu M (2019) Vibration analysis of love nanorods using doublet mechanics theory. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng 41:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Gul U, Aydogdu M (2021) Transverse wave propagation analysis in single-walled and double-walledcarbon nanotubes via higher-order doublet mechanics theory. Waves Random Complex Media 33:762–793

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosseini SA, Khosravi F, Ghadiri M (2020) Moving axial load on dynamic response of single-walled carbon nanotubes using classical, Rayleigh and Bishop rod models based on Eringen’s theory. J Vib Control 26(11–12):913–928

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Huang K, Zhang S, Li J, Li Z (2019) Nonlocal nonlinear model of Bernoulli–Euler nanobeam with small initial curvature and its application to single-walled carbon nanotubes. Microsyst Technol 25:4303–4310

    Google Scholar 

  • Ijima S (1991) Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354(6348):56–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Iijima S, Ichihashi T (1993) Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter. Nature 363(6430):603–605

    Google Scholar 

  • Jalaei MH, Thai HT, Civalek Ö (2022) On viscoelastic transient response of magnetically imperfect functionally graded nanobeams. Int J Eng Sci 172:103629

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Karmakar S, Chakraverty S (2022) Thermal vibration of nonhomogeneous Euler nanobeam resting on Winkler foundation. Eng Anal Bound Elem 140:581–591

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Ke LL, Xiang Y, Yang J, Kitipornchai S (2009) Nonlinear free vibration of embedded double-walled carbon nanotubes based on nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory. Comput Mater Sci 47(2):409–417

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan IA, Hashemi SM (2016) On finite element vibration analysis of carbon nanotubes. In: Perusal of the finite element method. InTech, pp. 69–88

  • Khosravi F, Hosseini SA, Tounsi A (2020a) Forced axial vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube embedded in elastic medium under various moving forces. J Nano Res 63:112–133

    Google Scholar 

  • Khosravi F, Simyari M, Hosseini SA, Tounsi A (2020b) Size dependent axial free and forced vibration of carbon nanotube via different rod models. Adv Nano Res 9(3):157–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee HL, Chang WJ (2008) Free transverse vibration of the fluid-conveying single-walled carbon nanotube using nonlocal elastic theory. J Appl Phys 103(2):024302

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim CW, Zhang G, Reddy J (2015) A higher-order nonlocal elasticity and strain gradient theory and its applications in wave propagation. J Mech Phys Solids 78:298–313

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Murmu T, McCarthy MA, Adhikari S (2012) Vibration response of double-walled carbon nanotubes subjected to an externally applied longitudinal magnetic field: a nonlocal elasticity approach. J Sound Vib 331(23):5069–5086

    Google Scholar 

  • Noureddine M, Mohamed L, Al-Douri Y, Djillali B, Mokhtar B (2022) Effect of Chiral angle and Chiral Index on the vibration of single-walled carbon nanotubes using nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli Beam model. Comput Condens Matter 30:e00655

    Google Scholar 

  • Numanoğlu HM, Ersoy H, Akgöz B, Civalek Ö (2022) A new eigenvalue problem solver for thermo-mechanical vibration of Timoshenko nanobeams by an innovative nonlocal finite element method. Math Methods Appl Sci 45(5):2592–2614

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Rubio A, Corkill JL, Cohen ML (1994) Theory of graphitic boron nitride nanotubes. Phys Rev B 49(7):5081

    Google Scholar 

  • Sahmani S, Khandan A (2019) Size dependency in nonlinear instability of smart magneto-electro-elastic cylindrical composite nanopanels based upon nonlocal strain gradient elasticity. Microsyst Technol 25:2171–2186

    Google Scholar 

  • Su YC, Cho TY (2022) Free vibration of a single-walled carbon nanotube based on the nonlocal Timoshenko beam model. J Mech 37:616–635

    Google Scholar 

  • Uzun B, Yaylı MÖ (2020) Nonlocal vibration analysis of Ti-6Al-4V/ZrO2 functionally graded nanobeam on elastic matrix. Arab J Geosci 13(4):155

    Google Scholar 

  • Uzun B, Civalek Ö, Yaylı MÖ (2022a) Axial and torsional free vibrations of restrained single-walled boron nitride nanotube (SWBNNT) embedded in an elastic medium via nonlocal strain gradient theory. Waves Random Complex Media. https://doi.org/10.1080/17455030.2022.2147600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uzun B, Kafkas U, Deliktaş B, Yaylı MÖ (2022b) Size-dependent vibration of porous bishop nanorod with arbitrary boundary conditions and nonlocal elasticity effects. J Vib Eng Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-022-00610-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Hieu D, Chan DQ, Phi BG (2022) Analysis of nonlinear vibration and instability of electrostatic functionally graded micro-actuator based on nonlocal strain gradient theory considering thickness effect. Microsyst Technol 28(8):1845–1865

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu C, Li Y, Lu M, Dai Z (2022) Stress-driven nonlocal Timoshenko beam model for buckling analysis of carbon nanotubes constrained by surface van der Waals interactions. Microsyst Technol 28(5):1115–1127

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Liu H, Ma J (2020) Thermo-mechanical vibration of FG curved nanobeam containing porosities and reinforced by graphene platelets. Microsyst Technol 26:2535–2551

    Google Scholar 

  • Yayli MÖ (2018) Torsional vibrations of restrained nanotubes using modified couple stress theory. Microsyst Technol 24:3425–3435

    Google Scholar 

  • Yaylı MÖ, Uzun B, Deliktaş B (2022) Buckling analysis of restrained nanobeams using strain gradient elasticity. Waves Random Complex Media 32(6):2960–2979

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zarabimanesh Y, Roodgar Saffari P, Roudgar Saffari P, Refahati N (2022) Hygro-thermo-mechanical vibration of two vertically aligned single-walled boron nitride nanotubes conveying fluid. J Vib Control 28(15–16):2101–2120

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YQ, Liu GR, Xie XY (2005) Free transverse vibrations of double-walled carbon nanotubes using a theory of nonlocal elasticity. Phys Rev B 71(19):195404

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YQ, Liu X, Liu GR (2007) Thermal effect on transverse vibrations of double-walled carbon nanotubes. Nanotechnology 18(44):445701

    Google Scholar 

  • Żur KK, Faghidian SA (2021) Analytical and meshless numerical approaches to unified gradient elasticity theory. Eng Anal Bound Elem 130:238–248

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Büşra Uzun.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Civalek, Ö., Uzun, B. & Yaylı, M.Ö. Thermomechanical vibration analysis of a restrained nanobeam. Microsyst Technol 29, 1601–1613 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-023-05528-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-023-05528-4

Navigation