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Decoupling of Mg from Sr–Nd isotopic compositions in Variscan subduction-related plutonic rocks from the Bohemian Massif: implications for mantle enrichment processes and genesis of orogenic ultrapotassic magmatic rocks

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Abstract

The Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif was intruded by three Variscan (c. 354–335 Ma) subduction-related plutonic suites. Their mantle sources evolved from CHUR-like (low-K calc-alkaline suite), through slightly enriched (\(\varepsilon_{Nd}^{346}\) ~ − 3; high-K calc-alkaline suite—HKCA) to strongly enriched (\(\varepsilon_{Nd}^{337}\) < − 7.5; (ultra-)potassic suite—UK). This evolution has been previously interpreted in terms of Andean-type subduction passing to deep subduction/relamination of the Saxothuringian continental crust, metasomatizing the mantle source of the HKCA and, more significantly, of the UK suite. This is in accord with the heterogeneity of lithospheric mantle fragments (spinel/garnet peridotites, garnet pyroxenites, eclogites, glimmerites…) sampled by the high-grade Moldanubian orogenic root. Newly acquired Mg isotopic compositions (δ26Mg = − 0.12 to − 0.53‰) vary over similarly broad intervals within each suite. Majority of the most magnesian samples fall within the range of local orogenic mantle peridotites (− 0.33 to − 0.29‰) or close to the global mantle average (− 0.25‰). This implies that the δ26Mg of the progressively metasomatized harzburgitic mantle was mostly buffered by the mantle end-member, while its mantle-incompatible elemental/related isotopic (Sr–Nd–Pb) signal was swamped by the crustally derived contribution. The crustal contaminant, source of the metasomatic fluids, had to be dominated by Mg-poor, felsic metaigneous >  > clastic metasedimentary material. Subducted carbonates were of limited importance, as recorded by lowered δ26Mg values in several mafic UK samples and in a glimmerite vein cutting the peridotites (− 0.44‰). The Mg isotopic variation in less magnesian potassic rock types reflects a complex interplay between source heterogeneity, equilibrium fractionation during fractional crystallization, kinetic fractionation due to chemical diffusion during magma mixing and/or AFC-style contamination by carbonate-derived fluids.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to acknowledge the late František V. Holub (1949–2015), an expert on ultrapotassic igneous rocks and a superb teacher, to whose memory is dedicated this contribution. We are indebted to Simon Couzinié, Fritz Finger, Jean-François Moyen, Rolf L. Romer, Karel Schulmann and Jürgen von Raumer for invaluable discussions of petrogenesis and geodynamic context of the Variscan igneous rocks, as we are to Patrizia Fiannacca for inspiring advice and insightful comments to the earlier version of this manuscript. Vojtěch Erban, John M. Hora, Zuzana Rodovská and Jitka Míková (Czech Geological Survey, Prague) are thanked for technical assistance and analytical help in the isotopic laboratory. The manuscript was improved significantly by detailed reviews of Mike Fowler and an anonymous reviewer and further benefited from the careful editorial work of editor-in-chief Wolf-Christian Dullo.

Funding

This work was supported by the Czech Grant Agency (GACR) project 18-24378S (to VJ).

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  1. Czech Geological Survey, Klárov 3, 118 21, Prague 1, Czech Republic

    Vojtěch Janoušek, Yulia V. Erban Kochergina & Alexandre V. Andronikov

  2. Institute of Petrology and Structural Geology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Vojtěch Janoušek

  3. Institute of Geophysics AS CR, v.v.i, Boční II/1401, 141 31, Prague 4, Czech Republic

    Vladimír K. Kusbach

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Janoušek, V., Erban Kochergina, Y.V., Andronikov, A.V. et al. Decoupling of Mg from Sr–Nd isotopic compositions in Variscan subduction-related plutonic rocks from the Bohemian Massif: implications for mantle enrichment processes and genesis of orogenic ultrapotassic magmatic rocks. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 111, 1491–1518 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-022-02199-w

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