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Nutritional status and body mass index before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and associated outcomes: a rapid review

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Abstract

Purpose

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients experience several post-HSCT complications affecting nutritional status, body mass index (BMI), and mortality that can potentially be mitigated by nutritional management. This rapid review examines the relationship between pre-HSCT nutritional status and BMI and post-HSCT survival.

Methods

Articles were identified from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Two researchers independently completed the title, abstract, and full-text review. Inclusion criteria included the following: (1) randomized clinical trials or observational studies; (2) human subjects diagnosed with cancer and undergoing HSCT; (3) reported pre-HSCT nutritional status (e.g., diet recall, nutritional survey, dietitian session) or BMI; and (4) reported treatment related mortality and/or survival.

Results

The initial search found 3036 articles, 28 were included in full-text review, and 18 met inclusion criteria. Articles had quasi-experimental (n = 2) and observational (n = 16) study designs. Of the studies, n = 5 reported nutritional intake decreased post-HSCT, and n = 2 reported nutrition intervention (i.e., controlled feeding) post-HSCT improved survival. Four studies reported having a BMI classified as underweight improved survival, while n = 5 reported having a BMI classified as overweight or obese improved survival.

Conclusion

Current research exploring the relationship between nutritional status and BMI with HSCT survival is mixed. Further research is needed to determine how nutritional status and BMI are associated withsurvival post-HSCT to inform future intervention work.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

    Rachel Sauls

  2. Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Dr. Office 1214, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA

    Rachel Sauls, Acadia W. Buro, Marilyn Stern & Sylvia L. Crowder

  3. Department of Nutrition, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA

    Lindsey Montgomery

  4. Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA

    Farhad Khimani

  5. College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA

    Marilyn Stern

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  2. Acadia W. Buro
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  3. Lindsey Montgomery
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  4. Marilyn Stern
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  6. Sylvia L. Crowder
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Contributions

RS, SLC, and AWB contributed to the development of the rapid review design, inclusion, and exclusion criteria. Article review and extraction was conducted by RS and SLC. LM contributed as nutritional expert and provided any necessary information for current protocols. The first draft of the manuscript was written by RS with support from SLC and AWB. All authors provided edits and approved the final manuscript before submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sylvia L. Crowder.

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Sauls, R., Buro, A.W., Montgomery, L. et al. Nutritional status and body mass index before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and associated outcomes: a rapid review. Support Care Cancer 32, 50 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08238-9

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