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Oral and dental alterations and growth disruption following chemotherapy in long-term survivors of childhood malignancies

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Abstract

Purpose

More attention has been focused on the long-term side effects of treatment protocols since impressive advances in childhood cancer treatment have resulted in a growing population of patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disturbances of dento-facial development in children who were long-term survivors of childhood malignancies.

Methods

Fifty-three children (mean age, 10 years + 4 months) in long-term remission underwent oral/dental and radiographic examinations after completion of therapy. Crown and root malformations, gingival/periodontal status, enamel defects, discolorations, decayed and unerupted teeth, premature apexifications, agenesis, maximal interincisal opening and lateral movement of jaws, and soft tissue abnormalities were noted. Caries were evaluated by the decayed-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index. Forty healthy children (mean age, 12 years + 4 months) belonging to the same age group and socioeconomic community were served as controls. All participants in the study were evaluated in terms of craniofacial development.

Results

The data of the study showed that higher prevalence of root malformation, unerupted teeth, and enamel hypoplasia were detected as a consequence of childhood cancer and/or antineoplastic therapy. Although no differences of craniofacial growth and development were observed between groups (P > 0.05), plaque and gingival index scores were statistically higher in the study group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

A range of variations in dental structures is recognized as a side effect of childhood cancer therapy in long-term survivors of pediatric malignancies that may affect their quality of life.

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Acknowledgements

The authors of the study would like to acknowledge Dr. Serpil Cula and Dr. Reha Alpar for statistical consultancy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Gazi University, 8. Cadde 82. Sokak, 06510, Emek/Ankara, Turkey

    Deniz Çetiner & Ahu Uraz

  2. Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Sedat Çetiner, Gökhan H. Alpaslan & Cansu Alpaslan

  3. Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    T. Ufuk Toygar Memikoğlu

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ceyda Karadeniz

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  1. Deniz Çetiner
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Correspondence to Deniz Çetiner.

Ethics declarations

The study protocol was approved by the Medical and Health Research Ethics Committee of Gazi University. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and/or their guardians.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Çetiner, D., Çetiner, S., Uraz, A. et al. Oral and dental alterations and growth disruption following chemotherapy in long-term survivors of childhood malignancies. Support Care Cancer 27, 1891–1899 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4454-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-018-4454-0

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