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Role of new biomarkers for predicting renal scarring in vesicoureteral reflux: NGAL, KIM-1, and L-FABP

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Abstract

Background

Reflux nephropathy is the most serious complication of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The aim of this study was to assess the role of urinary levels of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL),kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein (L-FABP) in the early diagnosis of reflux nephropathy in patients with VUR.

Methods

This study assessed 123 patients with primary VUR and 30 healthy children as a control group. The children were divided into five groups: Group A, patients with VUR and renal parenchymal scarring (RPS); Group B, patients with VUR and without RPS; Group C, patients with RPS and resolved VUR; Group D, patients with resolved VUR and without RPS; Group E, healthy reference group.

Results

Median urinary NGAL (uNGAL)/Creatinine (Cr) was significantly higher in patients with than those without RPS and the control group (p = 0.0001). Median uKIM-1/Cr was similar in all groups (p = 0.417). Median uL-FABP/Cr was significantly higher in patients with RPS than in the reference group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Urinary NGAL levels may be used as a noninvasive diagnostic marker for predicting renal scarring in reflux nephropathy.

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Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of financial interest to disclose.

Ethics statement

This study was approved by the Başkent University Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee (Project no: KA11/153) and supported by Başkent University Research Fund. All participants were investigated after obtaining written informed consent from all parents following explanation of the purpose of the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey

    Gönül Parmaksız, Aytül Noyan, Hasan Dursun & Nurcan Cengiz

  2. Department of Pediatric Surgery, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey

    Emine İnce

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Baskent University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey

    Rüksan Anarat

Authors
  1. Gönül Parmaksız
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  2. Aytül Noyan
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  3. Hasan Dursun
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  4. Emine İnce
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  5. Rüksan Anarat
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  6. Nurcan Cengiz
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Correspondence to Gönül Parmaksız.

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Parmaksız, G., Noyan, A., Dursun, H. et al. Role of new biomarkers for predicting renal scarring in vesicoureteral reflux: NGAL, KIM-1, and L-FABP. Pediatr Nephrol 31, 97–103 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-015-3194-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-015-3194-3

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