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Design of immobilized biocatalyst and optimal conditions for tyrosol β-galactoside production

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Abstract

Tyrosol β-galactoside (TG) is a phenylethanoid glycoside with proven neuroprotective properties. This work deals with its biocatalytic production from tyrosol and lactose using Aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase in immobilized form. Six commercial carriers were examined to find the optimal biocatalyst. Besides standard biocatalyst performance characteristics, adsorption of the hydrophobic substrate on immobilization carrier matrices was also investigated. The adsorption of tyrosol was significant, but it did not have adverse effects on TG production. On the contrary, TG yield was improved for some biocatalysts. A biocatalyst prepared by covalent binding of β-galactosidase on an epoxy-activated carrier was used for detailed investigation of the effect of reaction conditions on glycoside production. Temperature had a surprisingly weak effect on the overall process rate. A lactose concentration of 0.83 M was found to be optimal to enhance TG formation. The impact of tyrosol concentration was rather complex. This substrate caused inhibition of all reactions. Its concentration had a strong effect on the hydrolysis of lactose and all products. Higher tyrosol concentrations, 30–40 g/L, were favorable as pseudo-equilibrium concentrations of TG and galactooligosaccharide were reached. Repeated batch results revealed excellent operational stability of the biocatalyst.

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Abbreviations

TG:

Tyrosol β-galactoside

GOS:

Galactooligosaccharides

T:

Tyrosol

Lac:

Lactose

Glu:

Glucose

Gal:

Galactose

PS:

Polystyrene

PS–DVB:

Polystyrene–divinylbenzene

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grants from the Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic for Structural Funds of EU (Grant number: ITMS 26240220084), Slovak Research and Development Agency (Grant number: APVV-18-0188), and the Slovak Grant Agency for Science (Grant number: VEGA 1/0573/17). Ms. Alessandra Basso from Purolite company is acknowledged for kindly providing their carriers. Dr. Vladimír Mastihuba is kindly acknowledged for providing the tyrosol-β-d-galactoside standard.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Veronika Hollá, Rhiannon Hill, Monika Antošová & Milan Polakovič

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  1. Veronika Hollá
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  2. Rhiannon Hill
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Correspondence to Milan Polakovič.

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Hollá, V., Hill, R., Antošová, M. et al. Design of immobilized biocatalyst and optimal conditions for tyrosol β-galactoside production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 44, 93–101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-020-02425-2

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