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The accessory magnocellular neurosecretory system of the rostral human hypothalamus

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Abstract

The morphology and neurophysin expression of the magnocellular accessory neuroendocrine system located in the rostral human hypothalamus is investigated in a series of brains obtained at autopsy. The hypothalami were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin, or after cryoprotection, frozen for cryostat sectioning. Paraffin sections were either stained with Luxol Fast blue or immunoreacted for neurophysin I or neurophysin II, the precursor molecule for oxytocin and vasopressin. Further, 50-μm-thick serial cryostat sections were immunoreacted with the same antibodies. Both the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei as well as the hypothalamo-hypophysial tracts exhibited strong immunoreactivity for the neurophysin antibodies. In addition, large collections of immunoreactive accessory magnocellular nuclei and single scattered neurophysin-positive neurons were located in the preoptic region between the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus among the hypothalamo-hypophysial nerve fibers. In addition, smaller collections of neurophysin-immunoreactive neurons were located in the basal part of this region. Among the accessory magnocellular nuclei, the classical circular nucleus was identified. Accessory magnocellular neurons were often located along the blood vessels and projections of some of these neurons penetrated the vascular endothelium. The accessory magnocellular cell bodies expressed either neurophysin I or neurophysin II immunoreactivity. Summarizing, the accessory magnocellular system in the human brain is large and differs in morphology compared to the system seen in other vertebrates. The neurons of this system contain both vasopressin and oxytocin. Some neurons of the accessory neuronal systems might secrete vasopressin or oxytocin directly into the blood stream.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank Rikke Lundorf for expert technical assistance.

Funding

Grant sponsors: The work was partially funded by the SURVIVE project, Dept. Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (to JB), the A.P.Møller foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science, gr.nr. 16-249 (to MM), and the Augustinus Foundation, gr.nr.16-4611 (to MM).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Rigshospitalet 6102, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Morten Møller & Martin F. Rath

  2. Department of Forensic Medicine, Section of Forensic Pathology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Frederik V’s Vej 11, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Johannes R. Busch, Christina Jacobsen, Sissel B. Lundemose, Niels Lynnerup & Jytte Banner

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  1. Morten Møller
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  2. Johannes R. Busch
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  3. Christina Jacobsen
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  4. Sissel B. Lundemose
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  5. Niels Lynnerup
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  6. Martin F. Rath
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  7. Jytte Banner
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Contributions

Study concept and design: MM, JRB, CJ, NL, MFR, JB. Acquisition of materials and data: MM, JRB, SL, CJ. Analysis and interpretation of data. MM, JRB. Drafting of the manuscript: MM. Critical revision of manuscript: MM, MFR, JRB, JB.

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Correspondence to Morten Møller.

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Møller, M., Busch, J.R., Jacobsen, C. et al. The accessory magnocellular neurosecretory system of the rostral human hypothalamus. Cell Tissue Res 373, 487–498 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-018-2818-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-018-2818-x

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