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Investigation of the roles of IL-18 (-607 C/A) and IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variations in bladder cancer development: case–control study

  • Original Article – Cancer Research
  • Published:
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Abstract

Background

The purpose of our study is to investigate the roles of IL-18 gene variations in bladder cancer development in Thrace population of Turkey.

Methods

This study was carried out with 103 bladder cancer patients and 81 healthy controls. Genotype distributions of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

Results

The CC homozygous genotype for IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation was significantly higher in patients with bladder cancer compared to healthy controls (OR 0.345, 95% Cl 0.186–0.639, p = 0.001). Besides this, allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations in patient with bladder cancer and healthy control groups were significantly different from the Hardy–Weinberg distribution (p < 0.05). For IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations, significant difference was determined between the bladder cancer patient and healthy control groups in terms of GC–CA (OR 0.381, 95% Cl 0.203–0.714, p = 0.002), GC–CC (OR 2.147, 95% Cl 1.013–4.550, p = 0.043), GG–AA (OR 0.431, 95% Cl 0.365–0.509, p = 0.049), and GG–CC (OR 2.476, 95% Cl 1.177–5.208, p = 0.015) haplotypes.

Conclusion

In our study, CC genotype of IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation was determined as genetic risk factor for bladder cancer development. In bladder cancer patient and healthy control groups, G and C allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variation, and C and A allele frequencies of IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation were determined significantly different from the Hardy–Weinberg distribution.

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Acknowledgements

This study was performed in Departments of Biophysics, Urology in Research and Application Center of Trakya University. For statistical analysis in our study, we would like to thank Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Head of the Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Prof. Dr. Necdet Sut.

Funding

This study was not supported by any specific grant from funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Haliç University, Istanbul, 34445, Turkey

    Nevra Alkanli

  2. Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, 22030, Turkey

    Arzu Ay

  3. Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, 22030, Turkey

    Gokhan Cevik

Authors
  1. Nevra Alkanli
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  2. Arzu Ay
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  3. Gokhan Cevik
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by [NA], [AA], and [GC]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [NA and AA] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet the authorship criteria and that no other authors meeting the criteria have been omitted.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nevra Alkanli.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

For our study, ethics committee approval was obtained with the TÜTF-BAEK 2020/101 protocol code from Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Non-Invasive Clinical Research Ethics Committee.

Consent to participate

Signed informed consent form was collected from each individual in the patient group with bladder cancer and healthy control group.

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Alkanli, N., Ay, A. & Cevik, G. Investigation of the roles of IL-18 (-607 C/A) and IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variations in bladder cancer development: case–control study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 147, 3627–3637 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-021-03808-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-021-03808-y

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