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Counter-flow suggests transport of dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene by the organic anion transporters 2 (OAT2) and 3 (OAT3)

  • Ion channels, receptors and transporters
  • Published:
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 26 November 2016

Abstract

Dantrolene is the only available drug for the treatment of malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening inborn sensitivity of the ryanodine receptor (RyR1) in skeletal muscles to volatile anesthetics. Dantrolene is metabolized in the liver to 5-OH dantrolene. Both compounds are zwitterions or net negatively charged. Here, we investigated interactions of dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene with solute carrier (SLC) family members occurring in skeletal muscle cells, hepatocytes, and renal proximal tubule cells. SLC22A8 (organic anion transporter 3, OAT3) was very sensitive to both compounds exhibiting IC50 values of 0.35 ± 0.03 and 1.84 ± 0.34 μM, respectively. These IC50 concentrations are well below the plasma concentration in patients treated with dantrolene (3–28 μM). SLC22A7 (OAT2) was less sensitive to dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene with IC50 values of 15.6 ± 2.1 and 15.8 ± 3.2 μM, respectively. SLCO1B1 (OATP1B1), SLCO1B3 (OATP1B3), and SLCO2B1 (OATP2B1) mainly interacted with 5-OH dantrolene albeit with higher IC50 values than those observed for OAT2 and OAT3. Dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene failed to inhibit uptake of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyrimidinium (MPP) by OCT1 and of carnitine by OCTN2. In counter-flow experiments on OAT3, dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene decreased pre-equilibrated cellular [3H]estrone-3-sulfate (ES) content as did the transported substrates glutarate, furosemide, and bumetanide. With OAT2, dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene slightly decreased the pre-equilibrated [3H]cGMP content. If no other transporter markedly contributes to uptake or release of ES or cGMP, respectively, these data suggest that OAT3 and OAT2 may be involved in absorption, metabolism, and excretion of dantrolene and its metabolite 5-OH dantrolene.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Andrea Paluschkiwitz and Sören Petzke for skillful technical assistance and Saskia Flörl, Kathrin Hannke, and Annett Kühne for the transfection of HEK293 cells with the respective transporters.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Systemic Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Birgitta C. Burckhardt, Maja Henjakovic, Yohannes Hagos & Gerhard Burckhardt

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany

    Maja Henjakovic

  3. PortaCellTec Biosciences GmbH, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Yohannes Hagos

Authors
  1. Birgitta C. Burckhardt
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  2. Maja Henjakovic
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  4. Gerhard Burckhardt
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Correspondence to Birgitta C. Burckhardt.

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An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00424-016-1910-x.

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Burckhardt, B.C., Henjakovic, M., Hagos, Y. et al. Counter-flow suggests transport of dantrolene and 5-OH dantrolene by the organic anion transporters 2 (OAT2) and 3 (OAT3). Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol 468, 1909–1918 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424-016-1894-6

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