Abstract
Purpose
Type 2 diabetes is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, lowering the quality of life and increasing mortality rates of affected individuals. Circulating monocytes are tightly involved in the atherosclerosis process leading to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and their inflammatory profile can be modified by exercise. The objective was to exploratory identify genes associated with CVD that could be regulated by high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in monocytes of type 2 diabetes patients.
Methods
Next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses were conducted on isolated circulating monocytes (CD14+) of six women aged 60 and over with type 2 diabetes who completed a 12-week supervised HIIT intervention on a treadmill.
Results
Following the intervention, a reduction of resting diastolic blood pressure was observed. Concomitant with this result, 56 genes were found to be downregulated following HIIT intervention in isolated monocytes. A large proportion of the regulated genes was involved in cellular adhesion, migration and differentiation into an “atherosclerosis-specific” macrophage phenotype.
Conclusion
The downregulation of transcripts in monocytes globally suggests a favorable cardiovascular effect of the HIIT in older women with type 2 diabetes. In the context of precision medicine and personalized exercise prescription, shedding light on the fundamental mechanisms underlying HIIT effects on the gene profile of immune cells is essential to develop efficient nonpharmacological strategies to prevent CVD in high-risk population.
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Funding
This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) [PTJ159627 to P.G.]. This work was performed at the CHUS research center and at the research Center on Aging (CdRV). It was funded by the “Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Santé” (FRQ-S), CEUS-DOCC, the Quebec Network for Research on Aging and the Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences of the University of Sherbrooke. P Geraldes is the holder of the Canada Research Chair in Vascular Complication of Diabetes. A. Marcotte-Chénard and D. Tremblay are supported by FRQ-S and by the CIHR.
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DT, AM-C and FL performed experiments. JHM, DT, AM-C, FL, MAB, BL, ER and PG analyzed the data. JHM, ER and PG wrote the manuscript. MAB, BL and ER reviewed the manuscript and provided comments.
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Communicated by Fabio Fischetti.
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Hamelin Morrissette, J., Tremblay, D., Marcotte-Chénard, A. et al. Transcriptomic modulation in response to high-intensity interval training in monocytes of older women with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol 122, 1085–1095 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-022-04911-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-022-04911-9