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Prevalence and associated factors for temporomandibular disorders in Chinese civilian pilots

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Abstract

Purpose

Piloting is a special profession with prolonged stress, which could induce the occurrence of TMD. This sample is useful to reduce the effect of confounders in the analyses. Based on this, the present study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for TMD in civilian pilots of China.

Methods

A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out in 616 male subjects (aged 23–52 years). The questionnaire included general information, chewing preference (bilateral or unilateral), and Trait Anxiety section of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T). The clinical examination contained TMD screening per research diagnostic criteria for TMD and diagnosis of sleep bruxism per American Academy of Sleep Medicine standards. The level of statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.

Results

The program was conducted from June 2012 to April 2013, in which period, and the percentage of TMD in the samples we examined was 33.3 % (=205/616). Only high anxiety (OR 2.48; 95 % CI 1.25–4.90) and unilateral chewing preference (OR 12.67; 95 % CI 7.77–20.65) were the most significant associated factors with TMD. Also, salivary cortisol and the STAI-T score had a significant correlation (r = 0.47, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

It was more reliable to study the associated factors on TMD with the exclusion of the possible confounding factors, and only unilateral chewing preference and psychological stress had a significant association with TMD. In addition, the salivary cortisol levels might assist to assess psychological stress in epidemiological research.

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Acknowledgments

We declare no potential conflicts of interest involved in this study. The authors thank grateful to Shenzhen Airlines for providing funds for this project (MHRDZ201107). In addition, we wish to thank the medical center of Shenzhen Airlines for great endeavors and all those who generously agreed to participation for this important project.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

      Qing Yu, Yang Liu, Xi Chen, Duanjing Chen, Lu Xie, Xiao Hong & Haiyang Yu

    2. Medical Center of Shenzhen Airlines, Shenzhen, 518128, China

      Xingyuan Wang & Haili Huang

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    1. Qing Yu
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    2. Yang Liu
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    3. Xi Chen
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    4. Duanjing Chen
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    Correspondence to Haiyang Yu.

    Additional information

    Qing Yu and Yang Liu have contributed equally to this work.

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    Yu, Q., Liu, Y., Chen, X. et al. Prevalence and associated factors for temporomandibular disorders in Chinese civilian pilots. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 88, 905–911 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1018-1

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-015-1018-1

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