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Composition and evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the interior of the South China Block: insights from trace elements and water contents of peridotite xenoliths

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Abstract

Major and trace elements and water contents were analyzed in 16 peridotite xenoliths embedded by the Cenozoic basalts in Pingnan (southeastern Guangxi Province), to constrain the chemical composition and evolution of the lithospheric mantle located in the central part of the South China Block (SCB). The peridotites are mainly moderately refractory harzburgites and lherzolites (Mg#-Ol = 90.3–91.7) and minor fertile lherzolites (Mg#-Ol = 88.9–89.9). Clinopyroxenes in the peridotites show LREE-depleted pattern, and commonly exhibit negative anomalies in Nb and Ti, suggesting the peridotites probably represent residues after 1–10% of partial melting without significant mantle metasomatism. Water contents range from 146 to 237 ppm wt. H2O in clinopyroxene, and from 65 to 112 ppm wt. H2O, in orthopyroxene but are below detection limit (2 ppm wt. H2O) in olivine. Calculated bulk water contents, based on the mineral modes and partition coefficient, range from 14 to 83 ppm wt. H2O (average 59 ppm wt. H2O). There is a correlation between melting indices (such as Mg#-Ol, Ybn in clinopyroxene) and water contents in clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene, but no correlation is observed between the whole-rock water contents and the redox state (Fe3+/∑Fe ratios in spinel), suggesting that water contents in the peridotites are mainly controlled by the degree of partial melting rather than by oxygen fugacity. The lithospheric mantle beneath the interior of the SCB may not be compositionally stratified; fertile and moderately refractory mantle coexist at the similar depths. Geochemical data and water contents of the studied peridotites are similar to the proposed MORB source and indicate that the ancient refractory lithospheric mantle was irregularly eroded or reacted by the upwelling asthenosphere, and eventually replaced by juvenile fertile accreted mantle through the cooling of the asthenosphere.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the editor Hans Keppler and two anonymous reviewers for the comments and suggestions. Thanks to Prof. W. L. Griffin for polishing the manuscript. This work was supported by the China University of Geosciences (CUGCJ1709), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41520104003) and the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0600403).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Hui Zhang, Jianping Zheng, Yi Zhao, Abing Lin & Lu Xiang

  2. ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems and GEMOC, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia

    Jianggu Lu

  3. Gemological Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Shaokui Pan

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  1. Hui Zhang
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  2. Jianping Zheng
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  3. Jianggu Lu
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  4. Shaokui Pan
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  5. Yi Zhao
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  6. Abing Lin
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  7. Lu Xiang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jianping Zheng.

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Communicated by Hans Keppler.

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Zhang, H., Zheng, J., Lu, J. et al. Composition and evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the interior of the South China Block: insights from trace elements and water contents of peridotite xenoliths. Contrib Mineral Petrol 173, 53 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-018-1476-z

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