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Phase relations of phlogopite and pyroxene with magnesite from 4 to 8 GPa: KCMAS–H2O and KCMAS–H2O–CO2

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Abstract

To constrain the melting phase relationships of phlogopite and magnesite in the presence of clino- and orthopyroxene, we performed experiments in the K2O–CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O (KCMAS–H2O) and K2O–CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–CO2 (KCMAS–H2O–CO2) systems at pressures of 4–8 GPa and temperatures from 1100 to 1600 °C. We bracketed the carbonate-free solidus between 1250 and 1300 °C at 4 and 5 GPa, and between 1300 and 1350 °C at 6, 7 and 8 GPa. The carbonate-bearing solidus was bracketed between 1150 and 1200 °C at 4, 5 and 6 GPa, and between 1100 and 1150 °C at 7 and 8 GPa. Below the solidus in both systems at 4–6 GPa, phlogopite is in equilibrium with enstatite, diopside, garnet (plus magnesite in the carbonate-bearing system) and a fluid. At 7 GPa, phlogopite coexists with KK-richterite, enstatite, diopside, garnet (plus magnesite in the carbonate-bearing system) and a fluid. KK-richterite is the only stable K-bearing phase at 8 GPa and coexists with enstatite, diopside, garnet (plus magnesite in the carbonate-bearing system) and a fluid. In KCMAS–H2O, phlogopite is present to ~100 °C above the solidus. Olivine forms at the solidus and coexists with enstatite, diopside, garnet and melt. At depth in a subcontinental lithospheric mantle keel, phlogopite would be stable with orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and magnesite to ~5 GPa along a 40 mW/m2 geotherm. A hydrous, potassic and CO2-bearing melt that intrudes the subcontinental mantle can react with olivine, enstatite and garnet, crystallizing phlogopite, magnesite and potentially liberating a hydrous fluid.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the training provided by D. Caird to the first author for assembling experiments and operating the multi-anvil apparatus. We thank S. Matveev for the help with the electron microprobe. Comments by R. Trønnes and three anonymous reviewers considerably improved iterations of this manuscript. This research was funded by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada to RWL.

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  1. Andreas Enggist

    Present address: Earth and Planetary Sciences, Physical Sciences Department, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, T5J 4S2, Canada

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  1. C.M. Scarfe Laboratory of Experimental Petrology, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E3, Canada

    Andreas Enggist & Robert W. Luth

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Correspondence to Andreas Enggist.

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Communicated by Timothy L. Grove.

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Enggist, A., Luth, R.W. Phase relations of phlogopite and pyroxene with magnesite from 4 to 8 GPa: KCMAS–H2O and KCMAS–H2O–CO2 . Contrib Mineral Petrol 171, 88 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-016-1304-2

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