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Synthesis and characterization of novel xanthan gum-based pH-sensitive hydrogel for metformin hydrochloride release

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Abstract

In the current study, the synthesis of hydrogel based on carboxymethyl tamarind kernel gum (CMTKG), poly(sodium acrylate) (PSA), xanthan gum (XG) and its loading with metformin hydrochloride (metformin HCl) was successfully carried out and characterized using various techniques. Furthermore, the optimization of hydrogel was done by varying the amount of carboxyl methyl tamarind kernel gum (CMTKG), N, N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) or potassium persulphate (KPS), and their influence on the swelling ratio was examined. The fabricated hydrogels were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas thermal stability was confirmed by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). The hydrogels’ swelling ratio and in vitro drug release studies were assessed in pH 1.2 and 7.4 buffer solutions and showed better results in alkaline pH. The drug release profile of metformin-loaded CMTKG/PSA/XG hydrogel obeyed the Korsmeyer–Peppas model and follow non-Fickian diffusion in pH 7.4 and Fickian diffusion mechanism at pH 1.2. This pH-dependent behaviour of the metformin HCl-loaded CMTKG/PSA/XG hydrogel could be applicable for site-specific release of metformin HCl.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are eternally grateful to the Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India, for its infrastructure.

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  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India

    Tushar, Yash Saraswat, Priyanka Meena & Sudhir G. Warkar

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Contributions

Conceptualization: Sudhir G. Warkar, Priyanka Meena; methodology: Tushar, Yash Saraswat; formal analysis and investigation: Tushar, Yash Saraswat; writing—original draft preparation: Tushar, Yash Saraswat; writing—review and editing: Sudhir G. Warkar, Priyanka Meena; funding acquisition: NA; resources: Tushar, Yash Saraswat; supervision: Sudhir G. Warkar.

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Correspondence to Priyanka Meena or Sudhir G. Warkar.

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Tushar, Saraswat, Y., Meena, P. et al. Synthesis and characterization of novel xanthan gum-based pH-sensitive hydrogel for metformin hydrochloride release. Colloid Polym Sci 301, 1147–1158 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-023-05135-9

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