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Serum S100A12 levels in children with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic juvenile arthritis, and systemic undefined recurrent fevers

Serumspiegel von S100A12 bei Kindern mit systemischem Lupus erythematodes, systemischer juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis und systemischen undefinierten wiederkehrenden Fieberschüben

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Abstract

Background

We compared serum levels of S100A12, a proinflammatory protein predominantly secreted by neutrophils, in children with newly diagnosed childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE), systemic juvenile arthritis (sJIA), and systemic undefined recurrent fevers (SURFS) to examine its role as a diagnostic and discriminative marker of inflammation and to indirectly point out the importance of neutrophils and innate immunity in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Materials and methods

In a cross-sectional study, the serum levels of S100A12 protein of 68 children (19 with cSLE, 18 with sJIA, 7 with SURFS, and 24 controls) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between groups and with clinical and laboratory findings.

Results

The median serum S100A12 levels were 469 ng/mL in the cSLE group, 6103 ng/mL in the sJIA group, 480 ng/mL in the SURFS group, and 44 ng/mL in the control group. Children with cSLE, sJIA, and SURFS had significantly higher serum S100A12 levels compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). sJIA patients had the highest levels of S100A12 in comparison to other patients (p < 0.0001), while there was no significant difference between children with cSLE and SURFS.

Conclusion

Elevated serum SA100A12 levels in children with cSLE, sJIA, and SURFS may indicate intense neutrophil activation, which may play an important role in innate immunity in chronic inflammation in these diseases. Serum S100A12 levels could be used as a diagnostic marker of inflammation and be suitable for distinguishing sJIA and other disorders.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Serumspiegel von S100A12, einem hauptsächlich von Neutrophilen sezernierten proinflammatorischen Protein, bei Kindern mit neu diagnostiziertem systemischem Lupus erythematodes (cSLE), systemischer juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis (sJIA) und systemischen undefinierten wiederkehrenden Fieberschüben (SURFS) wurden verglichen. Das Ziel war, die Rolle von S100A12 als diagnostischem und diskriminierendem Entzündungsmarker zu untersuchen und indirekt sowohl auf die Bedeutung von Neutrophilen als auch der angeborenen Immunität bei der Pathogenese dieser Krankheiten hinzuweisen.

Material und Methoden

In einer Querschnittsstudie wurden die Serumspiegel des S100A12-Proteins von 68 Kindern (19 mit cSLE, 18 mit sJIA, 7 mit SURFS und 24 Kontrollen) durch den ELISA-Test („enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay“) bestimmt und zwischen den Gruppen sowie mit klinischen und Laborbefunden verglichen.

Ergebnisse

Die medianen Serumspiegel von S100A12 betrugen 469 ng/ml in der cSLE-Gruppe, 6103 ng/ml in der sJIA-Gruppe, 480 ng/ml in der SURFS-Gruppe und 44 ng/ml in der Kontrollgruppe. Kinder mit cSLE, sJIA und SURFS wiesen jeweils signifikant höhere S100A12-Serumspiegel als die Kontrollgruppe auf (p < 0,0001). sJIA-Patienten hatten die höchsten S100A12-Spiegel im Vergleich zu anderen Patienten (p < 0,0001), während es keinen signifikanten Unterschied zwischen Kindern mit cSLE und SURFS gab.

Schlussfolgerung

Erhöhte S100A12-Serumspiegel bei Kindern mit cSLE, sJIA und SURFS können auf eine intensive Neutrophilenaktivierung hinweisen, die eine wichtige Rolle in der angeborenen Immunität bei chronischen Entzündungen im Rahmen dieser Krankheiten spielen könnte. Die S100A12-Serumspiegel könnten als diagnostischer Entzündungsmarker verwendet werden und zur Unterscheidung von sJIA und anderen Erkrankungen geeignet sein.

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Funding

No specific grant from any public or commercial agency was received for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical medicine and rehabilitation with rheumatology, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia

    Dubravka Bobek & Luciana Mijacika

  2. Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia

    Mario Sestan & Marija Jelusic

  3. University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia

    Natasa Kovacic & Danka Grcevic

  4. Technical College Bjelovar, Bjelovar, Croatia

    Ivan Kresimir Lukic

Authors
  1. Dubravka Bobek
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  2. Mario Sestan
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  3. Luciana Mijacika
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  4. Natasa Kovacic
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  5. Ivan Kresimir Lukic
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  6. Danka Grcevic
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  7. Marija Jelusic
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Correspondence to Marija Jelusic.

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Conflict of interest

D. Bobek, M. Sestan, L. Mijacika, N. Kovacic, I.K. Lukic, D. Grcevic, and M. Jelusic declare that they have no competing interests.

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants or on human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (Ethics Committee of the University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia) and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Ulf Müller-Ladner, Bad Nauheim

Uwe Lange, Bad Nauheim

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Bobek, D., Sestan, M., Mijacika, L. et al. Serum S100A12 levels in children with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic juvenile arthritis, and systemic undefined recurrent fevers. Z Rheumatol 82 (Suppl 1), 74–79 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-021-01142-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-021-01142-9

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