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Serum-soluble CXCL16 in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: a promising predictor of disease severity and lupus nephritis

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Abstract

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease of unpredicted course and prognosis. Rates of organ involvement in SLE are higher in children, and overt lupus nephropathy is more often a presenting manifestation of SLE in children than adults. Inflammatory soluble chemokine CXC motif-ligand 16 (sCXCL16) is an important pathogenic mediator in inflammatory diseases as SLE. Herein, we aimed to evaluate serum level of sCXCL16 in jSLE patients in comparison to healthy controls and to correlate it with disease activity and extent of cutaneous and renal affection, to detect its possible role in disease pathogenesis. Serum level of sCXCL16 was determined by ELISA in 27 patients with jSLE (mean age 12.35 years ± 2.26 SD) in addition to 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls and correlated with clinical and laboratory parameters in lupus group. Serum sCXCL16 was significantly higher in jSLE patients than controls (P ≤ 0.001), and it correlated positively with SLE disease activity, severity of lupus nephritis, 24-h urinary protein, anti-dsDNA titre, blood pressure, and ESR, while it correlated negatively with serum C3 levels. Serum sCXCL16 was higher in jSLE patients with alopecia and malar erythema. Serum sCXCL16 might play a role in inflammatory pathogenesis of jSLE particularly in periods of disease activity. It might serve as a future useful laboratory test for detection of jSLE activity, renal insult, and its severity which might limit the need for invasive renal biopsies in such a delicate patient population.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Geish Street, Tanta, 31111, Egypt

    Arwa Mohammad Hassan, Nessma Mohamed Ahmed Farghal & Doaa Salah Hegab

  2. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Wesam Salah Mohamed

  3. Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Hend Hassan Abd-Elnabi

Authors
  1. Arwa Mohammad Hassan
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  2. Nessma Mohamed Ahmed Farghal
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  3. Doaa Salah Hegab
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  4. Wesam Salah Mohamed
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  5. Hend Hassan Abd-Elnabi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Doaa Salah Hegab.

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An informed written consent was obtained from the parents of all the included children before participation, and the study was approved by the institutional review board of the research ethics committee of Quality Assurance Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University.

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Hassan, A.M., Farghal, N.M.A., Hegab, D.S. et al. Serum-soluble CXCL16 in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: a promising predictor of disease severity and lupus nephritis. Clin Rheumatol 37, 3025–3032 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4203-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-018-4203-2

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