Abstract
Cysteine proteases play a vital role in plant development processes such as programmed cell death, storage protein degradation, senescence, and defense response. There are more than one hundred different types of cysteine proteases identified across the living organism. In this report, we present a comprehensive analysis of the C48 family of the cysteine proteases in rice and identify its potential role during the reproductive development. We found the presence of 74 C48 domain-containing cysteine protease encoding genes (OsCP48-1 to OsCP48-74) in the rice genome. The expression profiling across different vegetative and reproductive developmental stages as well as under different abiotic stress conditions suggested their diverse expression pattern with preference toward the reproductive tissues. Fifty-eight OsCP48 genes were found to be expressed differentially in at least one of the stages of anther, panicle, or seed development while nine genes showed differential expression in response to different abiotic (drought, salt, and cold) stress conditions. This expression pattern was possibly governed by the developmental or stress specific regulatory motifs identified in the promoters of OsCP48 genes. Phylogenetically, 74 rice OsCP48 cysteine proteases formed nine different clades and expression of OsCP48 genes in a given clade was nearly identical, implying their similar or shared functions. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis also points to their involvement in different plant developmental processes. Therefore, this study has revealed potential role of C48 domain containing proteases during the rice panicle, anther, and seed development. Besides that, some of these proteases may also play a role during the cold, drought, and salt stress tolerance. Thus, this study will be a useful resource and can be used to build a foundation for further research into the role of OsCP48 genes in rice.
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The authors thank Prof. Akhilesh Tyagi (Retired Senior Professor, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus) for critical reading of the manuscript and insightful comments.
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Conceptualization, RM; Data analysis, RM and RR; Manuscript writing, RM and RR. Both the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Ranjan, R., Mishra, R. Comprehensive Analysis of C48 Domain Containing Cysteine Protease Enzymes Revealed Their Role During Abiotic Stress and Reproductive Development in Rice. J Plant Growth Regul (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-024-11267-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-024-11267-1