Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Growth and Hormone Alterations in Response to Heat Stress in Perennial Ryegrass Accessions Differing in Heat Tolerance

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Plant growth regulators can mediate plant response to stress. The objective of this study was to investigate hormone alterations associated with plant growth and heat tolerance in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The heat tolerant accession PI265351 and sensitive accession PI225825 were exposed to 35°C/30°C at 7-, 14-, and 21-days in a growth chamber. Heat stress decreased plant height (HT) and leaf water content (LWC) in both accessions, but reductions in HT and LWC delayed one week in PI265351. Chlorophyll fluorescence remained unchanged in PI265351 but decreased in PI225825 under heat stress, compared to their controls. Heat stress increased leaf trans-zeatin and abscisic acid (ABA) and decreased gibberellin (GA3) concentrations, occurring at 14- and 21-days for PI265351 and during the entire stress period for PI225825, respectively, compared to the unstressed controls. Both accessions showed similar trends in kinetin with an increased concentration at 14- and 21-days. An elevated level of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was observed in PI265351 at 21 days of heat stress, while indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) increased at 14- and 21-days for PI265351 and only at 14 days for PI225825. Heat stress increased salicylic acid (SA) concentration at 14 days for PI265351 but caused reductions in SA during the stress period for PI225825. The results indicated that the maintenance of IAA, IBA, and SA, delayed increases in ABA, and delayed reductions of GA3 could contribute to heat tolerance of perennial ryegrass.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahammed GJ, Li X, Yu J, Shi K (2015) NPR1-dependent salicylic acid signaling is not involved in elevated CO2-induced heat stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Signal Behav 10:e1011944

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker NR (2008) Chlorophyll fluorescence: a probe of photosynthesis in vivo. Annu Rev Plant Biol 59:89–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davière JM, Achard P (2013) Gibberellin signaling in plants. Development 140:1147–1151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobra J, Motyka V, Dobrev P, Malbeck J, Prasil IT, Haisel D, Gaudinova A, Havlova M, Gubis J, Vankova R (2010) Comparison of hormonal responses to heat, drought and combined stress in tobacco plants with elevated proline content. J Plant Physiol 167:1360–1370

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Escandón M, Cañal MJ, Pascual J, Pinto G, Correia B, Amaral J, Meijón M (2016) Integrated physiological and hormonal profile of heat-induced thermotolerance in Pinus radiate. Tree Physiol 36:63–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Honour SJ, Webb AAR, Mansfield TA (1995) The responses of stomata to abscisic acid and temperature are interrelated. Proc R Soc Land B 259:301–306

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones GB, Alpuerto JB, Tracy BF, Fukao T (2017) Physiological effect of cutting height and high temperature on regrowth vigor in orchardgrass. Front Plant Sci 8:805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MIR, Iqbal N, Masood A, Per TS, Khan NA (2013) Salicylic acid alleviates adverse effects of heat stress on photosynthesis through changes in proline production and ethylene formation. Plant Signal Behav 8:e26374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan MI, Fatma M, Per TS, Anjum NA, Khan NA (2015) Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Front Plant Sci 6:462

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan S, Merewitz EB (2015) Drought stress and trinexapac-ethyl modify phytohormone content within Kentucky bluegrass leaves. J Plant Growth Regul 34:1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lai C-H, He J (2016) Physiological performances of temperate vegetables with response to chronic and acute heat stress. Am J Plant Sci 7:2055–2071

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larkindale J, Huang B (2004) Thermo-tolerance and antioxidant systems in Agrostis stoloifera: involvement of salicylic acid, abscisic acid, calcium, hydrogen peroxide, and ethylene. J Plant Physiol 161:405–413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larkindale J, Hall JD, Knight MR, Vierling E (2005) Heat stress phenotypes of Arabidopsis mutants implicate multiple signaling pathways in the acquisition of thermotolerance. Plant Physiol 138:882–897

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li F, Zhan D, Xu L, Han L, Zhang X (2014) Antioxidant and hormone responses to heat stress in two kentucky bluegrass cultivars contrasting in heat tolerance. J Am Soc Hort Sci 139:587–596

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li X, Ahammed GJ, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Sun Z, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Xia X, Yu J, Shi K (2015) Carbon dioxide enrichment alleviates heat stress by improving cellular redox homeostasis through an ABA-independent process in tomato plants. Plant Biol 17:81–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Macková H, Hronková M, Dobrá J, Turečková V, Novák O, Lubovská Z, Motyka V, Haisel D, Hájek T, Prášil IT, Gaudinová A, Štorchová H, Ge E, Werner T, Schmülling T, Vanková R (2013) Enhanced drought and heat stress tolerance of tobacco plants with ectopically enhanced cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase gene expression. J Exp Bot 64:2805–2815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maestri E, Klueva N, Perrotta C, Gulli M, Nguyen HT, Marmiroli N (2002) Molecular genetics of heat tolerance and heat shock proteins in cereals. Plant Mol Biol 48:667–681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma DK, Andersen SB, Ottosen C-O, Rosenqvist E (2015) Wheat cultivars selected for high Fv/Fm under heat stress maintain high photosynthesis, total chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, transpiration and dry matter. Physiol Plant 153:284–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma DK, Torp AM, Rosenqvist E, Ottosen C-O, Andersen SB (2017) QTLs and potential candidate genes for heat stress tolerance identified from the mapping populations specifically segregating for Fv/Fm in wheat. Front Plant Sci 8:1668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stavang JA, Gallego-Bartolomé J, Gómez MD, Yoshida S, Asami T, Olsen JE, García-Martínez JL, Alabadí D, Blázquez MA (2009) Hormonal regulation of temperature-induced growth in Arabidopsis. Plant J 60:589–601

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Todorova D, Genkov T, Vaseva-Gemisheva I, Alexieva V, Karanov E, Smith A, Hall M (2005) Effect of temperature stress on the endogenous cytokinin content in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh plants. Acta Physiol Plant 27:13–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Upreti KK, Sharma M (2016) Role of plant growth regulators in abiotic stress tolerance. In: Rao N, Shivashankara S, Laxman R (eds) Abiotic stress physiology of horticultural crops. Springer, New Delhi, pp 19–46

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vaseva I, Todorova D, Malbeck J, Travnickova A, Machackova I (2009) Mild temperature stress modulates cytokinin content and cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase activity in young pea plants. Acta Agron Hung 57:33–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang L, Li S (2006) Salicylic acid-induced heat or cold tolerance in relation to Ca2+ homeostasis and antioxidant systems in young grape plants. Plant Sci 170:685–694

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Heckathorn SA, Mainali K, Tripathee R (2016) Timing effects of heat-stress on plant ecophysiological characteristics and growth. Front Plant Sci 7:1629

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wu C, Cui K, Wang K, Li Q, Fahad S, Hu Q, Huang J, Nie L, Peng S (2016) Heat-induced phytohormone changes are associated with disrupted early reproductive development and reduced yield in rice. Sci Rep 6:34978

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu W, Zhang Q, Ervin EH, Yang Z, Zhang Z (2017) Physiological mechanism of enhancing salt stress tolerance of perennial ryegrass by 24-epibrassinolide. Front Plant Sci 8:1017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu Y, Wang J, Bonos SA, Meyer WA, Huang B (2018) Candidate genes and molecular markers correlated to physiological traits for heat tolerance in fine fescue cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 19:116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi S (2008) Gibberellin metabolism and its regulation. Annu Rev Plant Biol 59:225–251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Zhang J, Wang Z, Zhu Q, Liu L (2002) Abscisic acid and cytokinins in the root exudates and leaves and their relationship to senescence and remobilization of carbon reserves in rice subjected to water stress during grain filling. Planta 215:645–652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang J, Shi Y, Zhang X, Du H, Xu B, Huang B (2017) Melatonin suppression of heat-induced leaf senescence involves changes in abscisic acid and cytokinin biosynthesis and signaling pathways in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Environ Exp Bot 138:36–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou R, Yu X, Kjær KH, Rosenqvist E, Ottosen C-O, Wu Z (2015) Screening and validation of tomato genotypes under heat stress using Fv/Fm to reveal the physiological mechanism of heat tolerance. Environ Exp Bot 118:1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research is supported by the Midwest Regional Turfgrass Foundation of Purdue University. Dr. Manli Li is grateful to the China Scholarship Council (Award No.[2016] 3035) for supporting her visit at Purdue University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China

    Manli Li

  2. Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Amber H. Jannasch

  3. Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Yiwei Jiang

Authors
  1. Manli Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Amber H. Jannasch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yiwei Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

ML conducted the experiments, performed the statistical analysis of data, and prepared the manuscript. AJ assisted in hormone analysis and manuscript preparation. YJ supervised the overall work and contributed to data interpretation and paper writing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yiwei Jiang.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 810 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, M., Jannasch, A.H. & Jiang, Y. Growth and Hormone Alterations in Response to Heat Stress in Perennial Ryegrass Accessions Differing in Heat Tolerance. J Plant Growth Regul 39, 1022–1029 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-10043-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-019-10043-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation