Abstract
We have investigated the effect of Al doping on physical properties of \({\rm Pr}_{0.67}^{3+}{\rm Sr}_{0.33}^{2+}{\rm Mn}_{0.67-x}^{3+}{\rm Al}_{x}^{3+}{\rm Mn}_{0.33}^{4+}{\rm O}_{3}^{2-}\) manganites synthesized using the solid-state reaction method at high temperature. Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns revealed that all samples crystallize in an orthorhombic structure with Pnma space group. Magnetization measurements show that all samples exhibit a paramagnetic–ferromagnetic phase transition at the Curie temperature T C which decreases from 282 to 240 K when increasing Al content from x = 0.025 to 0.1, respectively. Electrical properties of samples have been investigated using admittance spectroscopy technique in 102–106 Hz and 100–320 K, frequency and temperature ranges, respectively. All samples exhibit a metallic behavior below the metal–semiconductor transition temperature (T M–Sc) and a semiconductor behavior above T M–Sc. The total conductance curves for our samples are found to obey Jonscher power law (G(ω) = G dc + Aω n). The activation energy (E a) increases with increasing Al content from 34.44 meV for x = 0.025 to 43.18 meV for x = 0.1. From AC conductance study, we deduced the binding energy (W m) at 100 K. Its values decrease with Al content increases.
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Notes
The average grain size may be estimated by using an intercept method, described as follows [20]: straight lines all the same lengths are drawn through several micrographs that show the grain structure. The grains intersected by each line segment are counted; the line length is then divided by an average of the number of grains intersected, taken over all the line segments. The average grain size is found by dividing this result by the linear magnification of the micrographs.
The Goldschmidt tolerance factor (t G) is a dimensional criterion which takes into account the size of the ions for characterize the different structure derived from the perovskite structures. According to this criterion, the ideal cubic structure is observed for t G = 1, the limits of stability of the perovskite phase (more or less distorted) being defined by 0.89 < t G < 1.02 [21, 22]. In particular, the rhombohedral distortions occur for 0.96 < t G < 1 and for t G < 0.96, the distortions are orthorhombic [22].
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Dhahri, A., Dhahri, J., Hcini, S. et al. Influence of Al substitution on physical properties of Pr0.67Sr0.33Mn1−x Al x O3 manganites. Appl. Phys. A 120, 247–253 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9161-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9161-9