Abstract
Thecosome pteropods form an important part of marine food webs, especially in polar ecosystems, and are the focus of research on ocean acidification. Although the larval stages of species in the genus Limacina often form major components of zooplankton communities, little is known of their population dynamics. We report high Limacina spp. abundance in March 2000 during surface zooplankton community sampling via a Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR; 270-µm mesh) in a large area within the seasonal ice zone of the Southern Ocean. Regions with high Limacina spp. abundances extended to 600 nautical miles (ca 1110 km). Annual variability in Limacina spp. abundance and shell size is evaluated using North Pacific standard net (100-µm mesh) data from the same area and sampling periods (March) from 1997 to 2006. Although the relative total abundance of Limacina spp. in 2000 was the highest in the study period, its overall abundance was lower than the mean value for that period. Mean shell size for most years ranged 160–300 µm, while a relatively large mean size (444.7 µm) occurred in 2000. We conclude that a CPR with 270-µm mesh could catch large Limacina individuals that dominated in March 2000. The timing of reproduction and growth of the new generation may influence Limacina abundance throughout the sampling area.
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Data availability
All raw data on which this study is based are available at the Australian Antarctic Data Centre via the home page of the Southern Ocean Continuous Plankton Recorder (SO-CPR) Survey (http://data.aad.gov.au.aadc/cpr/).
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Acknowledgements
We express our heartfelt appreciation to all members of the 38–47th Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions, who collected the samples and oceanographic data used in this study. We would like to thank Patricia Thibodeau and one anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We are also grateful to the officers and crew of the icebreaker Shirase for their assistance during the cruise. We thank Edanz (https://jp.edanz.com/ac), for editing a draft of this manuscript.
Funding
This research was supported in part by the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) through Project Research no. KP-308, and a Grant-in-Aid for Science (No. 16H02970) to K.T. Takahashi from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The study is also part of the Science Program of JARE AMB-0902.
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KTT directed the JARE monitoring program and wrote the manuscript. HU carried out field sampling aboard the icebreaker Shirase and processed the samples.
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Takahashi, K.T., Umeda, H. The variability in abundance and shell size of the thecosome pteropods Limacina spp. in the seasonal ice zone of the Southern Ocean in March. Polar Biol 46, 523–537 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03141-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-023-03141-9