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Preliminary study of the benthic fauna in lakes of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago and Vaigach Island (the Russian Arctic)

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Abstract

The biodiversity of freshwater fauna of the Arctic Islands of the Russian Federation is currently poorly studied and to date there are insufficient molecular genetic data concerning most of the taxa. This study presents the new data on species composition and distribution of freshwater benthic invertebrates in lakes of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago and Vaigach Island based on both the published and the original records. A total of 29 species of invertebrates in 4 classes and 14 orders were found. Considering the published data, the list of species expands to 136 species. The copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti, the pontoporeid amphipod Monoporeia affinis, the ostracod Leucocythere mirabilis, and the mollusk Euglesa globularis were recorded for the first time from the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago. The oligochaete Rhyacodrilus coccineus, the stonefly Nemoura sahlbergi, the caddisflies Agrypnia obsoleta, Micrasema gelidum and Philarctus bergrothi were registered for the first time from Vaigach Island; P. bergrothi was also recorded for the first time from Europe. The crane fly larvae of Tipula (Arctotipula) were recorded as inhabitants of the bottom layer of Arctic lakes for the first time. The obtained molecular data are in accordance with the tabula rasa hypothesis that the invertebrate fauna of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago and Vaigach Island are the result of recent species immigration after the Last Glacial Maximum. Our data can be used in further ecological studies and conservation management. The molecular data are of considerable interest for the taxonomy and biogeography of the fauna of the Arctic islands during the Pleistocene.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge three anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions which substantially improved the manuscript. The authors thank O.N. Bespaliy for valuable assistance with the collecting and processing of material, V.D. Ivanov (St Petersburg State University) for checking the identifications of Trichoptera, and A.A. Prokin (I.D. Papanin Institute for Biology of Inner Waters) for the identification of the Dytiscidae specimen. The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation supported the following studies of freshwater invertebrates: mollusks (Project No. AAAA-A17-117033010132-2), Oligochaeta, Crustacea except for Ostracoda, and Insecta (Project No. AAAA-A19-119020690091-0), and Research Collections of the Zoological Institute RAS. The Russian Foundation for Basic Research supported the study of biodiversity of freshwater mollusks on the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago (nos. 20-04-00361), and the study of species and genetic diversity of tadpole shrimps (no. 19-34-90012), Russian Scientific Found supported the molecular analyses of mollusks (no. 19-14-00066) and the “Arctic Floating University” of Northern (Arctic) Federal University supported the expeditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnaya Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, 163000

    Y. Bespalaya, O. Aksenova, M. Gofarov, A. Kondakov, S. Sokolova, V. Spitsyn, A. Shevchenko, O. Travina & A. Tomilova

  2. Laboratory of Macroecology & Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb. 7-9, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199034

    Y. Bespalaya & O. Aksenova

  3. Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb. 1, 199034, Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

    A. Przhiboro, N. Berezina, L. Litvinchuk & I. Tsiplenkina

  4. Institute of Limnology, a separate subdivision of the St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Sevastyanova street, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

    E. Kurashov

  5. Saint Petersburg Branch “Berg State Research Institute on Lake and River Fisheries” of Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Makarova Emb. 26, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, 199053

    E. Kurashov

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  1. Y. Bespalaya
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Contributions

YB developed the concept of the paper. YB, OA, AP, SS, and VS conducted field research and collected samples. MG. created the maps. AK and AT performed the molecular analyses. YB wrote the paper, with input from AP, LL, NB, EK, Its. All authors contributed to the final version of the manuscript, they all approved it for publication and they all agree to being accountable for its contents.

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Correspondence to Y. Bespalaya.

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Bespalaya, Y., Przhiboro, A., Aksenova, O. et al. Preliminary study of the benthic fauna in lakes of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago and Vaigach Island (the Russian Arctic). Polar Biol 44, 539–557 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-02817-4

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