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ZEITLUPE enhances expression of PIF4 and YUC8 in the upper aerial parts of Arabidopsis seedlings to positively regulate hypocotyl elongation

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Abstract

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Microarray and genetic analyses reveal that ZTL induces the expression of genes related to auxin synthesis, thereby promoting hypocotyl elongation.

Abstract

ZTL is a blue-light receptor that possesses a light–oxygen–voltage-sensing (LOV) domain, an F-box motif, and a kelch repeat domain. ZTL promotes hypocotyl elongation under high temperature (28 °C) in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, the mechanism of this regulation is unknown. Here, we divided seedlings into hypocotyls and upper aerial parts, and performed microarray analyses. In hypocotyl, 1062 genes were down-regulated in ztl mutants (ztl-3 and ztl-105) compared with wild type; some of these genes encoded enzymes involved in cell wall modification, consistent with reduced hypocotyl elongation. In upper aerial parts, 1038 genes were down-regulated in the ztl mutants compared with wild type; these included genes involved in auxin synthesis and auxin response. Furthermore, the expression of the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) gene, which encodes a transcription factor known to positively regulate YUCCA genes (YUCs), was also decreased in the ztl mutants. Genetic analysis revealed that overexpression of PIF4 and YUC8 could restore the suppressed hypocotyl length in the ztl mutants. Our results suggest that ZTL induces expression of YUC8 via PIF4 in upper aerial parts and promotes hypocotyl elongation.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Yunde Zhao (Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA) for kindly providing pYUC8:GUS seeds; Dr. Oono Yutaka (Department of Radiation-Applied Biology, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute (TARRI), Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Takasaki, Gunma, Japan) for kindly providing pDR5:GUS seeds; Dr. Julin N. Maloof (Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA) for kindly providing PIF4 ox seeds; and Dr. Stephan Pollmann (Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain) for kindly providing YUC8 ox seeds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Course in Life Science, Graduate School of Science, Gakushuin University, 1-5-1 Mejiro, Toshima-Ku, Tokyo, 171-8588, Japan

    Aya Saitoh, Tomoyuki Takase, Yuki Hirakawa & Tomohiro Kiyosue

  2. Experimental Plant Division, Department of Biological Systems, RIKEN, BioResource Center, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan

    Hiroshi Abe

  3. Faculty of Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kitaku Kita 10 Nishi 8, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan

    Masaaki Watahiki

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  1. Aya Saitoh
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  2. Tomoyuki Takase
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  4. Masaaki Watahiki
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  5. Yuki Hirakawa
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  6. Tomohiro Kiyosue
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Contributions

AS, TT, HA, MW and TK conceived and designed the experiments. AS and HA performed the experiments. AS and TT analyzed the data. AS, YH and TK wrote the paper.

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Correspondence to Aya Saitoh.

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Communicated by Prakash P. Kumar.

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Saitoh, A., Takase, T., Abe, H. et al. ZEITLUPE enhances expression of PIF4 and YUC8 in the upper aerial parts of Arabidopsis seedlings to positively regulate hypocotyl elongation. Plant Cell Rep 40, 479–489 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-020-02643-8

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