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Influence of wheat stalk nanocellulose on structural, mechanical, thermal, surface and degradation properties of composites with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)

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Abstract

Structural, mechanical, thermal and surface properties comprising biodegradable aromatic–aliphatic polymer poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and the wheat stalk-based nanocellulose (NCC) were studied. The materials were found to comprise the compatible and yet phase-segregated constituents which kept their identity in the nanocomposite materials. The NCC phase was found to be homogeneously dispersed in the PBAT matrix inside. Similar to the corresponding microcomposites, the investigated nanocomposites were found to be stable within their desired application temperature as packaging materials. The tensile properties of the nanocomposites degraded in terms of strain at break, tensile strength and tensile modulus. At higher filler content, the reinforcing effect dominated leading to an increase in indentation modulus and hardness, and a decrease in the work of elastic deformation. The wettability and the water absorption capacity of the materials increased with NCC content thereby enhancing the biodegradability of the composites.

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Acknowledgements

JG sincerely acknowledges the Indian National Science Academy (INSA)—Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) collaboration for providing financial support for her 3 months research stay in the Indian Institute of Guwahati (IITG), Assam, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Department of Chemistry (CDC), Tribhuvan University (TU), Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Jyoti Giri & Rameshwar Adhikari

  2. Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus (TC), Tribhuvan University (TU), Ghantaghar, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Jyoti Giri

  3. Nepal Polymer Institute (NPI), Kathmandu, Nepal

    Jyoti Giri & Rameshwar Adhikari

  4. Polymer Service GmbH Merseburg (PSM), Merseburg, Germany

    Ralf Lach & Wolfgang Grellmann

  5. Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems (IMWS), Halle/Saale, Germany

    Sven Henning

  6. Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, India

    Siddharth Mohan Bhasney & Vimal Katiyar

  7. Laboratoire SMS, Faculté Des Sciences, Université de Normandie Rouen, and Onyx Developpment, Groupe-Nutriset, Rouen, France

    Jean-Marc Saiter

  8. Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University (TU), Kirtipur, Nepal

    Rameshwar Adhikari

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  1. Jyoti Giri
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Giri, J., Lach, R., Henning, S. et al. Influence of wheat stalk nanocellulose on structural, mechanical, thermal, surface and degradation properties of composites with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). Polym. Bull. 80, 7599–7625 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-022-04388-8

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