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Evaluation of Biosurfactant Production by Bacillus Species Using Glucose and Xylose as Carbon Sources

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Abstract

Lignocellulosic material is one of the raw materials that can be used to reduce the cost of biosurfactant production because it is cheap, abundantly available, and contains cellulose and hemicellulose which can be hydrolyzed to glucose and xylose as carbon sources. This study aimed to evaluate biosurfactant production by Bacillus species using glucose and xylose as carbon sources, which are the most abundant sugar monomers from the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. In this study, biosurfactants were produced by six bacterial isolates belonging to the Bacillus genus. The six bacterial isolates were identified molecularly through 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that the six bacterial isolates were identified as B. subtilis ITBCC46, B. subtilis ITBCC40, B. subtilis ITBCC31, B. siamensis ITBCC36, B. xiamenensis ITBCC43, and B. subtilis ITBCC30. All Bacillus species used in this study could be grown on glucose or xylose media. Biosurfactants produced by B. subtilis ITBCC46, B. subtilis ITBCC40, B. subtilis ITBCC31, and B. siamensis ITBCC36 could reduce surface tension below 40 mN/m (32.70 to 39.15 mN/m). All biosurfactants produced by these Bacillus species had more than 50% emulsification stability. These characteristics indicated that the biosurfactants had the desired quality.

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Data Availability

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. All datasets analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess Technology (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung) for providing laboratory facilities and the Laboratory of Microbiology (School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung) for providing bacterial collection.

Funding

This study was supported by the Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (Number: 602.4/Kpts/KP.320/H.1/7/2019) and the Ministry of Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (Number: 2/E1/KP.PTNBH/2021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, West Java, 40132, Indonesia

    Resa Setia Adiandri, Ronny Purwadi & Tjandra Setiadi

  2. Food Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jatinangor Campus, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia

    Ronny Purwadi

  3. Indonesian Center for Agricultural Postharvest Research and Development, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Bogor, 16124, Indonesia

    Resa Setia Adiandri & Hoerudin Hoerudin

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  1. Resa Setia Adiandri
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All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. TS contributed to conceptualization, supervision, methodology, funding acquisition, and supervision. RSA contributed to writing-original draft, formal analysis, validations, investigations, project administration, and visualization. RP contributed to writing-review and editing, visualizations, supervision, conceptualization, and methodology. HH contributed to writing-review and editing, conceptualization, and methodology.

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Correspondence to Tjandra Setiadi.

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Adiandri, R.S., Purwadi, R., Hoerudin, H. et al. Evaluation of Biosurfactant Production by Bacillus Species Using Glucose and Xylose as Carbon Sources. Curr Microbiol 80, 250 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03345-6

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