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The Effect of Cadmium Tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth Promotion and Phytoremediation: A Review

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal of considerable toxicity with destructive impacts on plants, microbes and environments. Its toxicity is due to mishandling and manual hazards in plants and is primarily observed within the soil to cause decline of plants and microbial activity inside the rhizosphere. Cadmium accumulation in crops and the probability of Cd entering the food chain are grave for public health in the worldwide. Cadmium toxicity leads to depletion in seed germination, initial seedling growth, plant biomass, chlorosis, necrosis, hindrance of photosynthetic machinery and other physiological and biological activities in plants. Cadmium triggers the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that influences gene mutation and DNA damage that affects the cell cycle and cell division. Cd toxicity altered the levels of phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, glycine betaine, proline and organic acids in crops. Under stress conditions, the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have various properties such as enzymatic activities, plant growth hormones production, phosphate solubilization, siderophores production and chelating agents that help the plants tolerate against Cd stress and also increase phenolic compound levels and osmolytes. Hence, this review highlights the crucial role of cadmium tolerant PGPR for crop production, declining metal phytoavailability and enhancing morphological and physiological boundaries of plants under stress conditions. It could be an environment friendly and cost effective technology under sustainable crop production.

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Acknowledgements

All authors are thankful to Professor In-charge, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India, for providing the necessary facilities required for conducting the review work.

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  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Plant Biotechnology), Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, 231001, India

    Ashok Kumar, Neha Kumari, Anjali Singh, Deepak Kumar, Dhirendra Kumar Yadav & Ashi Varshney

  2. School of Life Science and Technology, IIMT University, Ganga Nagar, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250001, India

    Ashok Kumar & Navneet Sharma

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  1. Ashok Kumar
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Conceptualizations: AK, NK, AS, Writing—original draft, review and editing: DK, DKY, AV, NS. All authors have study and agreed the final version of the manuscript.

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Kumar, A., Kumari, N., Singh, A. et al. The Effect of Cadmium Tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth Promotion and Phytoremediation: A Review. Curr Microbiol 80, 153 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03267-3

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