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Tentative Epidemiological Cut-Off Values and Distribution of Resistance Genes in Aquatic Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Rainbow Trout

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Abstract

Epidemiological cut-off value (ECV) analysis for commonly used antimicrobials in aquaculture have not been established for many aquatic pathogens, including Pseudomonas. This study was the first to examine the categorization of 92 aquatic Pseudomonas isolates by calculating seven antimicrobials ECVs using two analytical methods: normalized resistance interpretation and ECOFFinder. Pseudomonas spp. isolates had decreased sensitivity to all antimicrobials examined except for doxycycline and ciprofloxacin. The PCR analysis of the 91 isolates of Pseudomonas spp. detected the tetracycline genes are predominant with the count of 41 genes, including tetA, tetC, tetD, tetM, tetS and tetH, following sulfonamide genes are in 21 isolates including sul1 and sul2, floR gene in 15 isolates and ermA gene in three isolates. Our findings provide an understanding of the antimicrobial categorization of Pseudomonas species, which are significant groups, subgroups, and species for aquaculture due to insufficiently defined breakpoints or cut-off values reported in CLSI and/or EUCAST.

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Data Availability

The data of sampling and bacteria identification of the manuscript has been used from [5], which has been cited in the text. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736369

Code availability

ECV values were calculated using the NRI spreadsheet calculator for Microsoft Excel (http://www.bioscand.se/nri/). The NRI approach was utilized with permission from Bioscand AB, Taby, Sweden, the patent holder (European Patent No. 1383913, US Patent No. 7465559).

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Acknowledgements

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Funding

This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [No: 118O420]. The project was conducted by Muhammed Duman.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquatic Animal Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey

    Muhammed Duman, Soner Altun & Izzet Burçin Satıcıoğlu

  2. Aquaculture Industry Research Division, East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gangneung, 25435, Korea

    Soo-Ji Woo

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Material preparation, data collection were performed by MD. Data analysis were performed by MD, SJW and IBS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MD, SJW and IBS. The revision of the first draft was done by MD, SJW and IBS. The revisions were completed by MD, SJW, IBS and SA. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Soo-Ji Woo.

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Duman, M., Woo, SJ., Altun, S. et al. Tentative Epidemiological Cut-Off Values and Distribution of Resistance Genes in Aquatic Pseudomonas Species Isolated from Rainbow Trout. Curr Microbiol 80, 157 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03259-3

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