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Degradation of Diuron by a Bacterial Mixture and Shifts in the Bacterial Community During Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil

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Abstract

Diuron, a phenylurea herbicide, has been extensively applied in controlling a wide range of weeds in several crops. In the current study, a mixed culture of three bacterial strains, i.e., Bacillus subtilis DU1, Acinetobacter baumannii DU, and Pseudomonas sp. DUK, isolated from sugarcane soil, completely degraded diuron and 3,4-DCA in liquid media at 20 mg L−1 within 48 h. During diuron degradation, a few metabolites (DCPMU, DCPU, and 3,4-DCA) were produced. Further determination of ring-cleavage pathways demonstrated that Acinetobacter baumannii DU and Pseudomonas fluorescens DUK degraded diuron and 3,4-DCA via ortho-cleavage. In contrast, Bacillus subtilis DU transformed these compounds via meta-cleavage pathways. Moreover, diuron caused a significant shift in the bacterial community in soil without diuron history. The augmentation of mountain soil with the isolated bacteria resulted in nearly three times higher degradation rate of diuron than the degradation by indigenous microorganisms. This study provides important information on in situ diuron bioremediation from contaminated sites by bioaugmentation with a mixed bacterial culture.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Dong Thap University and our families. We are very thankful for the support. The authors are very thankful anonymous reviewers and editors whose suggestions helped improve and clarify this manuscript. The authors would also like to thank Vanessk Skean (Peerwith for the Language editing services) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dong Thap University, 783 Pham Huu Lau Street, Cao Lanh City, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam

    Ha Danh Duc, Le Uyen Thanh, Tran Duc Tuong & Nguyen Thi Oanh

  2. Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy

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  1. Ha Danh Duc
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Contributions

DDH conducted the experiment on bacteria isolation and biodegradation. DDH also performed calculations, wrote the manuscript, and provided critical feedback. ONT performed the experiment on the effects of diuron on bacterial community structure.

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Correspondence to Ha Danh Duc.

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Duc, H.D., Thuy, N.T.D., Thanh, L.U. et al. Degradation of Diuron by a Bacterial Mixture and Shifts in the Bacterial Community During Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil. Curr Microbiol 79, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-021-02685-5

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