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Red blood cells metabolome changes upon treatment with different X-ray irradiation doses

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Abstract

The upholding of red blood cells (RBC) quality and the removal of leukocytes are two essential issues in transfusion therapy. Leukodepletion provides optimum results, nonetheless there are cases where irradiation is recommended for some groups of hematological patients such as the ones with chronic graft-vs-host disease, congenital cellular immunodeficiency, and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. The European guidelines suggest irradiation doses from 25 to 50 Gray (Gγ). We evaluated the effect of different prescribed doses (15 to 50 Gγ) of X-ray irradiation on fresh leukodepleted RBCs bags using a novel protocol that provides a controlled irradiation. Biochemical assays integrated with RBCs metabolome profile, assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, were performed on RBC units supernatant, during 14 days storage. Metabolome analysis evidenced a direct correlation between concentration increase of three metabolites, glycine, glutamine and creatine, and irradiation dose. Higher doses (35 and 50 Gγ) effect on RBC mean corpuscular volume, hemolysis, and ammonia concentration are considerable after 7 and 14 days of storage. Our data show that irradiation with 50 Gγ should be avoided and we suggest that 35 Gγ should be the upper limit. Moreover, we suggest for leukodepleted RBCs units the irradiation with the prescribed dose of 15 Gγ, value at center of bag, and ranging between 13.35–15 Gγ, measured over the entire bag volume, may guarantee the same benefits of a 25 Gγ dose assuring, in addition, a better quality of RBCs.

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Abbreviations

BMT:

Bone marrow transplant

GvHD:

Graft-versus-host disease

MCV:

Mean corpuscular volume

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RBC:

Red blood cell

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Author information

Author notes

  1. Fabio Baroni

    Present address: Department of Protein Chemistry, Merck, Guidonia Montecelio, Rome, Italy

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Transfusion Medicine Unit, AUSL–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

    Fabio Baroni, Chiara Marraccini, Lucia Merolle, Roberto Baricchi & Thelma A. Pertinhez

  2. Medical Physics Unit, AUSL–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

    Vando Piccagli, Daniele Lambertini & Mauro Iori

  3. Clinical and Endocrinology Laboratory, AUSL–IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy

    Tommaso Fasano

  4. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy

    Emanuela Casali, Alberto Spisni & Thelma A. Pertinhez

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  1. Fabio Baroni
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  2. Chiara Marraccini
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  11. Thelma A. Pertinhez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mauro Iori.

Ethics declarations

The study was approved by the Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova (ASMN)-IRCCS Ethics Committee on July 1, 2016.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Baroni, F., Marraccini, C., Merolle, L. et al. Red blood cells metabolome changes upon treatment with different X-ray irradiation doses. Ann Hematol 97, 1909–1917 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3386-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-018-3386-6

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