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Strength of fayalite up to 8.5 GPa

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Abstract

A dense polycrystalline aggregate of synthetic fayalite (Fe2SiO4) was deformed up to 8.5 GPa at room temperature in the D-DIA press installed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility beamline ID06. Five successive shortening–lengthening cycles were performed at different pressures and up to a final strain of approximately 25% at a typical strain rate of about 10−5 s−1. Lattice stresses were quantified from (hkl) reflections accessible with a 55-keV monochromatic beam. Combined stress and strain data show that during each cycle, fayalite deforms elastically before yielding at an axial strain close to 2%. This yielding occurs at a macroscopic stress (taken as the average of the estimated lattice stresses) of 1.5–2 GPa, irrespective of pressure. Very moderate stress hardening takes place beyond the yield point, and the average stress becomes almost constant after a strain of 5–6%, suggesting a low-temperature plastic regime. Lattice stresses estimated with (131), (130), and (022) reflections are always higher than stresses estimated with (111) and (112) by a factor of about 1.5. In addition, the (131) lattice stress becomes progressively lower than the (130) and (022) lattice stresses with increasing pressure, which suggests a possible change in dominant slip systems around 5–6 GPa. Combining our results with data from Chen et al. (Phys Earth Planet Inter 143–144:347–356, 2004), we determined a low-temperature plasticity flow law with an activation energy of 217 ± 25 kJ mol−1 and a Peierls stress at 0 GPa, σ p0 = 3.92 ± 0.02 GPa, that is consistent with dislocation motion being limited by discrete obstacles. The pressure dependence is almost entirely accounted for by the Peierls stress, with dσ p/dP = G′/G 0, where G′ is the derivative of G 0, the shear modulus. Our results suggest that fayalite has a smaller pressure dependence of low-temperature plasticity than (Mg0.9Fe0.1)2SiO4 and that the transition between low-temperature plasticity and high-temperature creep occurs at lower temperatures and lower stresses in fayalite than in Mg-rich olivines. An increase in iron content in olivine may therefore enhance ductility and lower the effect of pressure on creep, resulting in a viscosity contrast of up to 50 between fayalite and (Mg0.9Fe0.1)2SiO4 at pressures and temperatures of the lithospheric mantle.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are very grateful for the help provided during SPS synthesis by G. Chevallier at PNF2, Toulouse. Authors acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) for provision of synchrotron facilities and thank ESRF and ID06 beamline staff for the help provided during beamtime. MB, FB, and AP acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) under grant ANR-JCJC-SIMI6-LS-100197-01-R-01 (RHUM project). Many thanks to A.Hammersley for his help in Fit2D development for the new detection setup.

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  1. J. Guignard

    Present address: Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Laboratoire Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

Authors and Affiliations

  1. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF – The European Synchrotron), 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France

    J. Guignard & W. A. Crichton

  2. UPS-OMP, IRAP, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France

    M. Bystricky, F. Béjina, A. Proietti & N. Tercé

  3. CNRS, IRAP, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

    M. Bystricky, F. Béjina, A. Proietti & N. Tercé

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Correspondence to J. Guignard.

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Guignard, J., Bystricky, M., Béjina, F. et al. Strength of fayalite up to 8.5 GPa. Phys Chem Minerals 44, 403–417 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-016-0867-9

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