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Direct bone-to-bone integration between recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-injected tendon graft and tunnel wall in an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model

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Abstract

Purpose

This study was performed to evaluate one-stage anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using a semitendinosus tendon graft injected with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) in a rabbit model.

Methods

We injected recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) in the experimental group and phosphate-buffered saline in the control group at two sites of the semitendinosus tendon (15 μg in each site) to replace tendon with bone in the bone tunnel. Twenty minutes later, the injected tendon graft was transplanted for ACL reconstruction by passing the graft through the bone tunnel. The animals were harvested at four, eight, or 12 weeks postoperatively and examined by histological and biomechanical methods.

Results

Histological analysis revealed that the tendon graft was replaced with new bone in the tunnel of the experimental group. Characteristic features identical to the regenerated direct insertion morphology at the bone–tendon junction were acquired at eight or 12 weeks in the experimental group. Biomechanical pull-out testing revealed greater stiffness in the experimental than control group at 12 weeks, although the maximum load to failure showed no significant difference between the two groups at four, eight, or 12 weeks.

Conclusion

These results indicate the potential for ACL reconstruction with regenerated direct insertion morphology.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Osteopharma Inc. for kindly providing rhBMP. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 23791654.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

    Junsei Takigami, Yusuke Hashimoto, Shozaburo Terai & Hiroaki Nakamura

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Shinya Yamasaki

Authors
  1. Junsei Takigami
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  2. Yusuke Hashimoto
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  3. Shinya Yamasaki
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  4. Shozaburo Terai
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  5. Hiroaki Nakamura
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Correspondence to Yusuke Hashimoto.

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Takigami, J., Hashimoto, Y., Yamasaki, S. et al. Direct bone-to-bone integration between recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2-injected tendon graft and tunnel wall in an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction model. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 39, 1441–1447 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-2774-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-015-2774-y

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