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Radiomics in CT and MR imaging of the liver and pancreas: tools with potential for clinical application

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Abstract

Radiomics allows the extraction of quantitative imaging features from clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) studies. The advantages of radiomics have primarily been exploited in oncological applications, including better characterization and staging of oncological lesions and prediction of patient outcomes and treatment response. The potential introduction of radiomics in the clinical setting requires the establishment of a standardized radiomics pipeline and a quality assurance program. Radiomics and texture analysis of the liver have improved the differentiation of hypervascular lesions such as adenomas, focal nodular hyperplasia, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during the arterial phase, and in the pretreatment determination of HCC prognostic factors (e.g., tumor grade, microvascular invasion, Ki-67 proliferation index). Radiomics of pancreatic CT and MR images has enhanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma detection and its differentiation from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, mass-forming chronic pancreatitis, or autoimmune pancreatitis. Radiomics can further help to better characterize incidental pancreatic cystic lesions, accurately discriminating benign from malignant intrapancreatic mucinous neoplasms. Nonetheless, despite their encouraging results and exciting potential, these tools have yet to be implemented in the clinical setting. This non-systematic review will describe the essential steps in the implementation of the radiomics and feature extraction workflow from liver and pancreas CT and MRI studies for their potential clinical application. A succinct overview of reported radiomics applications in the liver and pancreas and the challenges and limitations of their implementation in the clinical setting is also discussed, concluding with a brief exploration of the future perspectives of radiomics in the gastroenterology field.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Reyes Sanles-Falagan for her help with manuscript formatting and editing, and additional administrative assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, HT Médica, San Juan de Dios Hospital, 14960, Córdoba, Spain

    M. Álvaro Berbís

  2. Department of Radiology, HT Médica, Clínica las Nieves, 23007, Jaén, Spain

    Félix Paulano Godino & Antonio Luna

  3. Scientific and Technical Department, Sycai Technologies, 08018, Barcelona, Spain

    Júlia Rodríguez-Comas

  4. Department of Communications Engineering, University of Málaga, 29016, Málaga, Spain

    Enrique Nava

  5. Abdominal Imaging Section, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain

    Roberto García-Figueiras & Sandra Baleato-González

  6. Department of Radiology, HT Médica, San Juan de Dios Hospital, Av. del Brillante, 106, 14012, Córdoba, Spain

    M. Álvaro Berbís

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Information compilation: MÁB, FPG, JR-C, EN, RG-F, SB-G, and AL; manuscript writing: MÁB, FPG, JR-C, and EN; critical reading: AL.

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Correspondence to M. Álvaro Berbís.

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M. Álvaro Berbís is CEO and Board Member of Cells IA Technologies; Antonio Luna received institutional royalties and institutional payments for lectures, presentations, speaker bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Canon, Bracco, Siemens Healthineers, and Philips Healthcare and is a Board Member of Cells IA Technologies; the remaining authors declare no competing interests. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Berbís, M.Á., Godino, F.P., Rodríguez-Comas, J. et al. Radiomics in CT and MR imaging of the liver and pancreas: tools with potential for clinical application. Abdom Radiol 49, 322–340 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-023-04071-0

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