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Sclerotic bone lesions caused by non-infectious and non-neoplastic diseases: a review of the imaging and clinicopathologic findings

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Abstract

Bone sclerosis is a focal, multifocal, or diffuse increase in the density of the bone matrix on radiographs or computed tomography (CT) imaging. This radiological finding can be caused by a broad spectrum of diseases, such as congenital and developmental disorders, depositional disorders, and metabolic diseases. The differential diagnosis can be effectively narrowed by an astute radiologist in the light of the clinical picture and typical findings on imaging. Some of these lesions are rare and have been described as case reports and series in the literature. This article aims to collate the clinical-radiologic findings of non-infectious and non-neoplastic causes of bone sclerosis with relevant imaging illustrations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India

    Vaibhav Gulati

  2. Department of Radiology, Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Majid Chalian

  3. Department of Radiology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea

    Jaehyuck Yi

  4. Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Uma Thakur & Avneesh Chhabra

  5. Orthopaedic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Avneesh Chhabra

  6. Musculoskeletal Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-9178, USA

    Avneesh Chhabra

  7. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Avneesh Chhabra

  8. Walton Centre of Neurosciences, Liverpool, UK

    Avneesh Chhabra

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  1. Vaibhav Gulati
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Correspondence to Avneesh Chhabra.

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Avneesh Chhabra—consultant ICON Medical and Treace Medical Concepts, Inc., Royalties: Jaypee, Wolters.

Majid Chalian—Medical Advisor, Imagen Technology Ltd.

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Gulati, V., Chalian, M., Yi, J. et al. Sclerotic bone lesions caused by non-infectious and non-neoplastic diseases: a review of the imaging and clinicopathologic findings. Skeletal Radiol 50, 847–869 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-020-03644-0

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