Abstract
Formaldehyde is a ubiquitous carcinogenic indoor pollutant. The treatment of formaldehyde has attracted increasing social attention. Over the past few decades, an increasing number of publications have reported approaches for removing indoor formaldehyde. These potential strategies include physical adsorption, chemical catalysis, and biodegradation. Although physical adsorption is widely used, it does not really remove pollution. Chemical catalysis is very efficient but adds the risk of introducing secondary pollutants. Biological removal strategies have attracted more research attention than the first two methods, because it is more efficient, clean, and economical. Plants and bacteria are the common organisms used in formaldehyde removal. However, both have limitations and shortcomings when used alone. This review discusses the mechanisms, applications, and improvements of existing biological methods for the removal of indoor gaseous formaldehyde. A combination strategy relying on plants, bacteria, and physical adsorbents exhibits best ability to remove formaldehyde efficiently, economically, and safely. When this combination system is integrated with a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and cooling (HVAC) system, a practical combined system can be established in formaldehyde removal. Multivariate interactions of biological and non-biological factors are needed for the future development of indoor formaldehyde removal.
Key Points
• Indoor gaseous formaldehyde removal is necessary especially for new residence.
• Biological removal strategies have attracted increasing research attentions.
• Combined system of plants, bacteria, and physical adsorbents exhibits best efficiency.
• Integrated device of biological and non-biological factors will be potential practical.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Editor-in-Chief Professor Alexander Steinbüchel for encouraging us in submitting this MS.
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This study was supported by the China National High Technology Development Plan Project (863) under Grant No. 2007AA061404, and for that the authors are grateful.
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Yunhai Shao, writing original draft; Yanxin Wang, writing original draft; Rui Zhao, revise and check; Jianmen Chen, investigation; funding acquisition. Fuming Zhang, revise MS; Robert J. Linhardt, revise MS; Weihong Zhong, resources, supervision, funding acquisition, investigation, project administration, writing-review, and editing.
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Shao, Y., Wang, Y., Zhao, R. et al. Biotechnology progress for removal of indoor gaseous formaldehyde. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 104, 3715–3727 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10514-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-020-10514-1